Antifungal activities of the three mushrooms Pleurotus pulmonarius, Pleurotus florida and Schizophyllum commune ethanol extracts were evaluated against some plant pathogenic fungi (Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus niger and Alternaria solani, Colletotrichum graminicola, Fusarium oxysporum) by using agar well diffusion method. Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) was investigated for 1-20 mg/ml concentration to find out the lowest concentration of the sample that inhibits the growth of the test organisms. The standard agar dilution protocol with doubling dilution was used. The result revealed that the three mushrooms extract used in the present investigation possessed varying degrees of antifungal activities against the test plant pathogenic fungi. Ethanolic extract of Pleurotus florida showed highest inhibition activity against Fusarium oxysporu, and S. commune showed maximum zone of inhibition (ZOI) against A. niger, while, P. pulmonarius showed maximum zone of inhibition (ZOI) against A. solani. The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) ranged between 9.67 and18.98 mg/ml for fungi, the lowest MIC, the extract was still be effective because of the presence of bio-active compounds. The findings revealed that the mushrooms extracts tested in the current work contains potential therapeutic compounds against some of the economically important plant diseases caused by bacteria and fungi.
Present investigation was carried out to examine the efficacy of different bio-agents on vegetative and flowering parameters of chrysanthemum at Department of Floriculture and Landscaping, College of Horticulture and Forestry, Jhalawar. For this formulations of different bio-agents like Pseudomonas fluorescens (125g and 175g and 250g/plot area), Trichoderma harzianum, Trichoderma viride, Trichoderma longibrachiatum, Bacillus subtilis used as root application. Pseudomonas fluorescens (250g) treatment was found effective and significantly affected growth and flowering parameters. Plant treated with 250g Pseudomonas fluorescens had maximum plant height (35.27 cm), number of leaves per plant (161.20), leaf length (9.80 cm), leaf width (7.44 cm), main stem diameter (1.22 cm), number of primary branches per plant (7.83) plant fresh weight (281.65 g), plant dry weight (87.67 g). While, flower diameter (7.34 cm), fresh weight of flower (31.56 g), dry weight of flower (4.06 g), In-situ life of flower (19.80 days) were recorded in Trichoderma viride 250g/plot area.
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