Mechanical contact with dental tissues accidentally occurs during jaw surgery. Lesions were inflicted on 10 monkey incisors during experimental surgery that simulated accidental damage to the root. In 6 teeth the lesion penetrated to the pulp. Tissue reactions were observed histologically to evaluate the long‐term iatrogenic processes induced by the procedure. The animals were killed from 315 to 370 d postoperatively. The present material illustrated 3 main categories of long‐term reactions that may be expected from mechanically produced lesions. Maintenance of pulp vitality and formation of reparative hard tissue could be observed either in association with re‐establishment of the periodontal membrane or with ankylosis; pulp necrosis was associated with periapical inflammation and resorption. The proportions of teeth with inflammation and ankylosis were not significantly different when teeth with pulp penetration were compared with teeth without penetration.
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