Inherently flame retardant fibre blended with dope treated flame retardant fibre (KR/VR), fabric and dope treated flame retardant fibre (TR) were treated with fluorocarbon emulsion at different concentrations, curing temperature so as to investigate the effect of above parameters on repellency properties and their implication on flame retardant properties. The repellency properties were evaluated by contact angle, spray rating and oil repellency, whereas, flame retardant properties were evaluated by limiting oxygen index and char length. Thermal studies (TGA) were also carried out so as to study the possible changes in thermal chemistry of the fabrics. The fabrics were finally evaluated on Kawabata system for the objective evaluation of hand properties in terms of low stress mechanical properties and thermal insulation. The thermogravimetric studies elucidate that there is no change in the thermal chemistry of the fabric treated with fluorocarbon emulsions. The blended fabric (KR/VR) exhibited overall satisfactory performance (both functional and hand properties) compared to TR fabric.
System design of cold weather protective clothing is a critical process, as it involves consideration of the effects of a number of external and internal parameters like environmental factors and physical, physico-mechanical and psychological parameters. The bulk and weight of the textile materials used in protective clothing should be as low as possible, so that clothing does not create physical stress and discomfort to the soldier and does not affect his combat duties adversely. This paper discusses the essential factors involved in the designing of cold weather protective clothing and different insulating materials available in the mark6t for developing better protective clothing. Different stores'developed at the Defence Materials & Stores Research & Development Establishment, Kanpur, the order of arrangement of various insulating materials i n those stores and the protection level achieved are discussed.
Microspheres are multiparticulate drug delivery systems that are designed to deliver drugs to a particular location at a fixed rate. Microspheres are free-flowing powders made up of biodegradable proteins or synthetic polymers with particle sizes ranging from 1 to 1000µm. Benefits of the use of microspheres in fields such as drug delivery, bone tissue manufacturing, and the absorption and desorption of contaminants by regeneration. The study shows the method of planning and measurement of microsphere parameters. Microspheres are complex, such as bioadhesive microspheres, polymeric microspheres, magnetic microspheres, floating microspheres, radioactive microspheres. Microspheres may be used in various fields such as cosmetics, oral drug delivery, target drug delivery, ophthalmic drug delivery, gene delivery, and others listed in the study. In order to achieve optimal therapeutic effectiveness, it is important to deliver the agent to the target tissue at an optimum level within the right timeframe, resulting in little toxicity and minimal side effects. There are different approaches to supplying the medicinal drug to the target site in a continuous managed manner. One such strategy is the use of microspheres as drug carriers. In this article, the value of the microsphere is seen as a novel drug delivery carrier to achieve site-specific drug delivery was discussed. Keywords: microspheres, method of preparations, polymer, bioadhesion, types of microspheres
Carrier technology is a novel and groundbreaking drug delivery system. Microspheres transmit the drug by affixing it to carrier particle-like Microspheres, Nanoparticles and Liposomes due to their smaller size and other useful properties. Mucoadhesive Microspheres are an integral component of this multi-particle drug delivery system and play an important function in the delivery of a novel drug. This drug delivery improves the therapeutic effectiveness of the drug. Mucoadhesive microspheres have a longer duration of residence at the absorption site, which leads to the accuracy of the drug targeting at the absorption site and improves the therapeutic efficacy of the drug. Mucoadhesive microspheres are formed by either systemic or local effects in gastrointestinal, oral, vaginal, nasal, rectal, ocular delivery. This is the ideal targeting device which could be done in a variety of ways. Keywords: Microspheres, Bioadhesion, Polymer, Bioavailability
Nanotechnology is the science that manages the interaction that happens at sub-atomic level and of nano length scale size. Nano alludes to the molecule size in between of 1-1000nm. Nanosuspensions are going under nanotechnology. A drug Nanosuspension is characterized as finely colloid, biphasic, scattered strong medication particles in a fluid vehicle, size under 1 μm settled by surfactants and polymers arranged by reasonable techniques for drug conveyance applications. It gives effective conveyance of hydrophobic drugs and expands the bioavailability. Nanosuspension is an alluring and promising innovation to improve helpless solvency and bioavailability of the drugs. This survey article depicts the strategies for development, techniques and stability related study of nanosuspensions in the field of drug sciences.
The degradation kinetics of Isro-Polyol, a propellaiit binder, were studied by dynamic thermogravimetry at different heating rates in nitrogen atmosphere. The experimental data indicate polyol decomposition follows a three-step reaction mechanism. The order of reaction for each step was calculated using a differential method and an integral method. The order of reaction for each step was found to be 2, 2/3, and 1, respectively. Kinetic parameters, viz., activation energy and pre-exponential factor, were calculated for each step by using the methods of referenced authors.
Aim: Corrosion of mild steel pipe line when exposed to dilute sulphuric acid is a very serious problem for industry people and they are in constant search of highly efficient corrosion inhibitor for acidic medium. For designing new corrosion inhibitor, a through knowledge of corrosion and adsorption mechanism is required. Background: Pitting cracking and uniform types of corrosion are very common forms of corrosion in dilute sulphuric acid medium. A highly efficient acidic corrosion inhibitor is required which can minimize all these three forms of corrosion. Objective: The objective was to provide solution for pitting, cracking and uniform types of corrosion and to study corrosion and inhibition mechanism so that highly efficient corrosion inhibitor can be designed. Methods: Polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP) was explored as a corrosion inhibitor for mild steel in 1.0 M H2SO4 by experimental and theoretical techniques. Experimental techniques used were impedance, weight loss, metallurgical microscopy, and polarization. Theoretical techniques used were DFT, MD simulation, Frontier molecular orbital, Langmuir, and Frumkin adsorption. Theoretical parameters like interaction energy, adsorption energy, Fukui function, chemical potential, electron density distribution, HOMO/LUMO eigenvalue, etc. help in the understanding mechanism of adsorption of PVP on the Fe (110) surface. Results: Experimental results were supported by theoretical studies. A linear relation was observed between PVP concentration and inhibition efficiency. A maximum of 85.92% inhibition efficiency was observed with a regression coefficient of 0.998. The pore length, the number of pits, and cracks intensity decrease with the concentration of PVP. The waste dilute H2SO4 after the weight loss study was investigated for its biocompatibility and was found to be within the acceptable limit. Conclusion: PVP was proved to be highly efficient acid corrosion inhibitor for mild steel in 1.0 M H2SO4 medium.
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