A major challenge for pervasive computing is to support continuous adaptation of applications to the behavior of the user. Recent research has adopted classical workflows as alternative programming paradigm for pervasive applications and approaches for context aware workflow models have been presented. However the current approaches suffer from the low flexibility of classical workflow models. We present a solution that allows attaching workflows to real-world objects and defining relevant context dynamically in relation to those objects. The benefits are a dynamic, yet simple modeling of context constraints and events in pervasive workflows and a greatly reduced amount of context information that must be provided to the workflow.
Workflows are increasingly becoming a universal means for driving and coordinating complex processes, not only in the business world but also in areas like pervasive computing. Pervasive flows run in parallel with the user's real-world actions and are synchronized using automatically collected context information about her current activities (context events). Respective workflows cannot be rigidly defined since the user needs to retain her flexibility and must not be obstructed by the workflow. However, if the order of activities is not defined until the activities are actually executed, correctly assigning the uncertain context events becomes a major challenge. We propose FlexCon -a novel event assignment approach for such human-oriented workflows that is based on hybrid workflow models and Dynamic Bayesian Networks. FlexCon exploits the dependency between context events to provide more accurate information as to which events need to be consumed by which workflow activities. Our evaluations show that FlexCon improves the event accuracy on average by 54% and the number of successful completed flows on average by 88%. Thus, FlexCon represents a major step towards unobtrusive pervasive applications.
In this paper we introduce a new modeling tool for constraint handling in the area of workflow technology. The constraint handlers can be used to improve the quality of business processes but without changing already existing business logic. Todays workflow languages provide no possibility to model constraints and the actions in case the constraints get violated explicitly. Fault and event handling mechanisms to react to events not expected in normal executions are only provided by the BPEL language. Using BPEL as workflow language we integrate the constraint handling extension without changing any existing semantics in a smart way. In our approach we use this fault and event handling mechanisms to extend the BPEL language with a constraint handling mechanism. By integrating this constraint handling tool into the BPEL language we provide an approach for quality driven process modeling with the BPEL language.
High level context recognition and situation detection are enabling technologies for unobtrusive mobile computing systems. Significant progress has been made in processing and managing context information, leading to sophisticated frameworks, middlewares, and algorithms. Despite great improvements, context aware systems still require a significantly increased recognition accuracy for high-level context information on uncertain sensor data to enable the robust execution of context-aware applications. Recently Adaptable Pervasive Workflows (APF)s have been presented as innovative programming paradigm for mobile context-aware applications. We propose a novel Flow Context System (FlowCon) that builds upon APFs. FlowCon uses structural information from the APF to increase accuracy of uncertain high-level context information up to 49%. This way we make an important step to enable robust execution of mobile context-aware applications.Index Terms-context-aware mobile computing, flows, uncertain high-level context information, robustness
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