This article seeks to establish the coverage of neonatal hearing screening in Brazil between January 2008 and June 2015. It is an ecological study that uses the country, through the Urban Articulation Regions, as a base. To calculate the screening coverage percentage, the Live Births Information System, the Outpatient Information System and the Beneficiaries of the National Supplementary Health Agency Information System were used. An exploratory analysis of maps and spatial statistical analysis was conducted using TerraView 4.2.2 software. The coverage of neonatal hearing screening saw an increase of 9.3% to 37.2% during the study period. In 2008-2009 it was observed that the percentage of coverage ranged from 0% to 79.92%, but most areas received coverage from 0% to 20%, though in 2014-2015 coverage ranged from 0% to 171.77%, and there was a visible increase in the percentage of coverage in the country, mainly in the Southern Region. The screening coverage has increased over time, but is still low with an uneven distribution in the territory, which may be explained by local laws and policies and by the existence of different types of auditory health service in the country.
Transient otoacoustic emissions were the most often used screening methodology. Coverage varied widely, and only a few maternity wards achieved 95% of the cases screened. Referral to diagnostic procedures was under 4%, but lack of adherence can be considered a barrier to successful follow-up. The occurrence of hearing loss ranged from 0% to 1.09%. The involvement of government, physicians, and society is necessary, so that the goals of newborn hearing screening can be achieved.
Objective Preterm infants are exposed earlier than their term counterparts to unattenuated sounds from the external environment during the sensitive period of the organization of the auditory cortical circuitry. In the current study, we investigate the effect of preterm birth on the course of development of auditory cortical areas by evaluating how gestational age (GA) correlates with the latency of the P1 component of the cortical auditory evoked potential (CAEP) of two experimental groups measured at 1 or 3 months of age. Results Our sample consisted of 23 infants delivered at GA ranging from 31.28 to 41.42 weeks and separated into two groups evaluated transversally at 1 or 3 months of corrected age (CA). In the group evaluated at 1-month CA, the latency of the component P1 was similar in both terms and infants classified as late-preterm (GA > 32 weeks). However, in the group evaluated at 3 months CA, P1 latency was significantly smaller in preterms. These preliminary results suggest an acceleration of the development of auditory cortical pathways in preterms, probably due to their early exposure to socially relevant auditory stimuli from the external environment.
RESUMO Objetivo Verificar a cobertura da triagem auditiva neonatal e sua associação com a quantidade de Fonoaudiólogos no SUS e de equipamentos disponíveis nas unidades federativas do Brasil nos anos de 2012 e 2018. Método O estudo é do tipo ecológico descritivo de séries temporais tendo como unidade de análise as Unidades de Federação do Brasil e os nascidos-vivos. Foi realizada a análise exploratória da cobertura da triagem auditiva neonatal e análise descritiva dos dados. O coeficiente de correlação do ranking de Spearman foi usado para medir a força e direção de associação entre duas variáveis ranqueadas. Resultados A COB no Brasil apresentou evolução de 24,1% para 67,6%. Observaram-se melhores coberturas estão nas Regiões Sul e Sudeste em 2012 e no ano de 2018 destacando-se a Região Sul e o estado do MS. A média do índice de fonoaudiólogos foi de 4,79 e 8,9/100.000 habitantes, respectivamente para os anos de 2012 e 2018. O índice da oferta de equipamentos de “Emissões Otoacústicas Evocadas Transientes” se manteve abaixo de 1/100.000 habitantes nos dois anos e em todas as unidades federativas do país. Conclusão A cobertura da triagem apresentou um aumento no Brasil, porém ainda abaixo do recomendado e está relacionada com o aumento da inserção de fonoaudiólogos no SUS. A distribuição espacial se apresenta heterogênea em todo seu território.
Objetivo avaliar a satisfação dos usuários de Implante Coclear com perda auditiva pós-lingual. Métodos estudo seccional com 51 implantados, pacientes de um centro de referência em saúde auditiva na cidade do Natal-RN. Foram utilizados dois questionários de satisfação adaptados para usuários de implante coclear. Resultados houve um alto índice de satisfação entre os pesquisados, detectado pelo InternationalOutcomeInventory –CochlearImplant(100,0%) e pelo SatisfactionwithAmplification in Daily Life (98,0%).A insatisfação foi observada em relação à imagem pessoal (13,7%),serviços e custos (27,5%), e na presençado ruído competitivo(9,8%). Conclusão o implante coclear é uma intervenção com alto índice de satisfação entre os usuários pesquisados.
Introduction: Universal Neonatal Hearing Screening (UNHS) is the recommended screening test for hearing loss diagnosis. Purpose: To perform a spatial analysis of the coverage of the Neonatal Hearing Screening (NHS) in the Northeastern of Brazil and to verify the possible association of the coverage with the number of Speech-Language Pathology and Audiology (SLPA) maternities and reference centers in hearing health. Methods: The reference population was of live newborns registered in the Live Birth Information System (Sistema de Informação sobre Nascidos Vivos -SINASC). For the data collection, electronic banks were set up in the Health Information Systems. Exploratory spatial analysis was performed using TabWin software; Descriptive statistical analysis: absolute and relative distribution and weighted mean calculation; Analytical, using Chi-square and Fisher's Exact tests, in which a significance level of 0.05 was adopted. Results: There was similarity throughout the Northeastern, regarding the low coverage of the NHS. The highest indices were concentrated in specific areas and there was a homogenous distribution among states. However, the states of Piauí and Paraíba stand out as to the frequency of coverage in municipalities with the NHS service. It was found an association between the coverage and the number of maternities, Speech-Language Pathology and Audiology and centers of reference in hearing health. Conclusion:The low coverage of the triage prevails throughout the Northeastern, and the best coverages are found in peculiar areas, where the large population centers are located. There was association with the lack of Speech-Language Pathology and Audiology enrolled in the Unified Health System, centers of reference in hearing health and the number of maternities.
OBJETIVO: Avaliar o desempenho auditivo ao longo do tempo e investigar os fatores prognósticos relacionados. MÉTODOS: Estudo de coorte retrospectivo realizado por meio da análise dos prontuários de 57 indivíduos com perda auditiva pós-lingual e usuários de implante coclear há pelo menos 12 meses. Utilizou-se o estimador de Kaplan-Meier e o teste de Logrank para análise da percepção da fala ao longo do tempo e da possível interferência de fatores como gênero, escolaridade, tempo de privação auditiva, idade ao implante, marca do dispositivo e etiologia, sobre o desfecho estudado. RESULTADOS: Em apenas 12 meses após a ativação do implante, mais da metade da coorte já apresentava escores satisfatórios no teste de percepção da fala. O teste de Logrank não indicou diferença entre as covariáveis testadas. Houve diferença significativa entre os resultados auditivos pré e pós- implante coclear. CONCLUSÃO: O desempenho auditivo, após 12 meses de uso do IC, superou o critério de indicação na maioria dos indivíduos com perda auditiva pós-lingual, independentemente dos fatores prognósticos avaliados, porém não em todos os indivíduos pesquisados.
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