Two alternative accounts have been proposed to explain the role of gestures in thinking and speaking. The Information Packaging Hypothesis (Kita, 2000) claims that gestures are important for the conceptual packaging of information before it is coded into a linguistic form for speech. The Lexical Retrieval Hypothesis (Rauscher et al., 1996) sees gestures as functioning more at the level of speech production in helping the speaker to find the right words. The latter hypothesis has not been fully explored with children. In this study children were given a naming task under conditions that allowed and restricted gestures. Children named more words correctly and resolved more 'tip-of-the-tongue' states when allowed to gesture than when not, suggesting that gestures facilitate access to the lexicon in children and are important for speech production as well as conceptualization.-3 -The effects of prohibiting gestures on children's ability to retrieve words Like adults, children frequently gesture with their hands when they speak. The question about why gestures are so ubiquitous, even in the absence of a listener (people gesture, for example, when speaking on the telephone) has prompted theorists to debate their function. This paper addresses the issue of how gesturing helps the speaker, particularly the young child.The Information Packaging Hypothesis (Kita, 2000) suggests that gestures facilitate the conceptual packaging of information before it is coded into a linguistic form for speech. On the other hand there is a view that gestures function more at the level of producing the surface utterance, by helping the speaker retrieve the right word: the Lexical Retrieval Hypothesis (Rauscher , . Thus, where the
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