Condition monitoring is a well-established field of research; however, for industrial applications, one may find some challenges. They are mostly related to complex design, a specific process performed by the machine, time-varying load/speed conditions, and the presence of non-Gaussian noise. A procedure for vibration analysis from the sieving screen used in the raw material industry is proposed in the paper. It is more for pre-processing than the damage detection procedure. The idea presented here is related to identification and extraction of two main types of components: (i) deterministic (D)—related to the unbalanced shaft(s) and (ii) high amplitude, impulsive component randomly (R) appeared in the vibration due to pieces of ore falling down of moving along the deck. If we could identify these components, then we will be able to perform classical diagnostic procedures for local damage detection in rolling element bearing. As deterministic component may be AM/FM modulated and each impulse may appear with different amplitude and damping, there is a need for an automatic procedure. We propose a method for signal processing that covers two main steps: (a) related to R/D decomposition and including signal segmentation to neglect AM/FM modulations, iterative sine wave fitting using the least square method (for each segment), signal filtering technique by subtraction fitted sine from the raw signal, the definition of the criterion to stop iteration by residuals analysis, (b) impulse segmentation and description (beginning, end, max amplitude) that contains: detection of the number of impulses in a decomposed random part of the raw signal, detection of the max value of each impulse, statistical analysis (probability density function) of max value to find regime-switching), modeling of the envelope of each impulse for samples that protrude from the signal, extrapolation (forecasting) envelope shape for samples hidden in the signal. The procedure is explained using simulated and real data. Each step is very easy to implement and interpret thus the method may be used in practice in a commercial system.
The paper presents an analysis of the selected stanzas of Śiva Śatakam (One Hundred Verses on Śiva)-the most important hymn devoted to Śiva composed in Malayalam by Nārāyaṇa Guru. The analysis shows that there is a tendency in the hymn to emphasise the equal status of Sanskrit and Dravidian literary tradition. Several stanzas are constructed on the basis of Sanskrit stories or myths; however, this "classical" scheme is filled with Tamil or Malayalam concepts, ideas, and key words.
The paper presents an analysis of the concept of the higher/the lower energy (paraapara māyā/prakṛti/śakti) in the Ātmōpadēśa Śatakam ("One Hundred Verses of Self-instruction"), the most important philosophical work of Nārāyaṇa Guru composed in Malayalam. In order to better understand the issue, the same pair of opposites is discussed at length on the basis of Nārāyaṇa's earlier Malayalam poems-devotional hymns (Śiva Śatakam-"One Hundred Verses on Śiva", Kāḷi Nāṭakam-"Dance of Kāḷī", and Jananī Nava Ratna Mañjarī-"Nine Gemmed Bouquet to Mother") as well as later Sanskrit philosophical work (Darśana Mālā-"Garland of Visions"). The comparative analysis of these texts demonstrates that-whereas Darśana Mālā reflects more or less accurately Vedāntic concepts, Ātmōpadēśa Śatakam presents deeply syncretic formation, influenced to a large extent by philosophical systems related to bhakti (devotion), like Śākta or Śaiva Siddhānta. The reason for such a state of affairs could be the purpose of Malayalam work destined to become vehicle for instructions given to lower caste people in Kerala. The paper offers an analysis of the relevant passages of the texts accompanied with explanatory notes extracted from the commentarial literature.
In the present paper an attempt will be made toward interpreting selected stanzas from the work of Nārāyaṇa Guru (1854–1928), a mystic and social reformer from Kerala. In his Malayalam work the Kuṇḍalinī Pāṭṭŭ (The Song of the Kundalini Snake), Guru depicted an ancient yogic concept of Kuṇḍalinī, a coiled power residing in the state of sleep within the subtle energy centre (mūlādhāra) situated at the base of the central body channel (suṣumnā). The very same concept appears in many other works by Nārāyaṇa Guru, including Śiva Śatakam (One Hundred Stanzas on Śiva). An analysis of these stanzas in the light of the Siddha tradition (Tirumandiram by Tirumūlar) reveals that not only has the Kuṇḍalinī concept been borrowed from the Dravidian literature, Nārāyaṇan introduces the Tamil Siddhas’style of description of mystic experiences to his philosophical works, using metaphorical-twilight language which excludes the possibility of univocal interpretation.
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