Aiming to perform the first sociological survey of Hungarian twins, our main question was whether being a twin has positive consequences on one's life. Adult twins completed our questionnaire at three Hungarian summer twin festivals, in hospitals during medical twin studies, and on some websites online. Data represent 140 twin pairs (mean age: 38.2 ± 14.6 years). We employed some indices for measuring the resource nature of twinship. Three main types of benefits were distinguished: profit of attraction, as 'material capital'; the easier obtainability of cultural goods when twins take part in it, as 'cultural capital'; and positive aspects of an a priori existing dyadic relation, as 'relational capital'. We were interested in the difference among types of twins regarding advantages. We paid special attention to the five groups of twins derived from gender and zygosity (i.e., monozygotic females, monozygotic males, dizygotic females, dizygotic males, opposite-sex pairs). Our analysis showed that Hungarian twins involved in our research basically enjoy their twinship; during their lives they used and still make use of different benefits given by it. In our twin samples, women had more advantages from being a twin than men. Significant differences could be observed on all indicators between monozygotic and dizygotic twins.
The heterogenous self-identifications of the group members, the multitude of interactions, the mix of personal and community interests about the role of migrant members of the community create a social setting urging for a research methodology specifically developed for this fieldwork. Current article presents a mixed methodology using social network analysis, repr and qualitative interviews for the identification of the elite. Seen the methods individually, three very different definitions are provided, while confronting the results allows for a more accurate definition and identification of the el
Las teorías de contacto sugieren que vivir en un entorno étnicamente mixto conduce a una mayor tolerancia hacia las minorías, mientras que las teorías de amenazas étnicas muestran la menor amenaza, en entornos con solo un pequeño índice de minorías. Los adolescentes se segregan por muchas características, les gustan algunos y les desagradan por su popularidad, riqueza, frescura, actitudes hacia los deportes o el aprendizaje, etc. Al encontrar el impacto de la etnicidad, comparamos los cambios en la red de amistad observados en tres clases secundarias en Hungría: una con minoría extrema, una clase étnicamente equilibrada y una clase étnicamente homogénea. Los estudios de casos presentados muestran las diferencias entre las clases con respecto a los vínculos de amistad y las estructuras de red también. Estas diferencias sugieren que la composición étnica de las clases se correlaciona con los lazos de amistad, sin embargo, si estas diferencias observadas se deben a la etnicidad, se requiere una metodología que controle todas las demás variables excepto etnia, lo que permite un grupo de control verdaderamente objetivo.
The paper discusses the collaboration network of local governments through their tendering activity.Although many tenders in the Hungarian tendering system have given special attention to those joint actions that targeted cross developments of multiple localities, collaboration between local governments in the tendering activity cannot be considered typical. This observation is corroborated by our research conducted in 2009-2010, mapping all tender collaborations by local governments in the Kaposvár sub-region, a total of 54 localities. Our research identified a social network with structural holes of tender collaboration between local governments in the sub-region. Network structural holes allow the presence of a 'third party' that profits from this network structure. This paper seeks to identify which actors benefit from the structural characteristics of the collaboration network of local governments in tendering activity.
ResumenEl objetivo de este trabajo es identificar cuáles son las características de las redes que permiten a una élite social ocupar una posición clave. Para ello nos hemos centrado en un caso de estudio sobre los Csango, una minoría de la Moldavia rumana. La falta de información sobre el tamaño de la red de cooperación de los Csango, su ubicación geográfica, así como las autodefiniciones de etnicidad, nos llevó a seleccionar una muestra de individuos susceptibles de ser entrevistados mediante la técnica de bola de nieve. A continuación reconstruimos la red de cooperación fusionando las redes egocéntricas obtenidas para pasar a describir sus características.Palabras clave: Élites -roles y posiciones en la red -minorías -migración -Csango.
AbstractUncertainties of the Moldavian minority Csango cooperation network group size, geographic location, ethnic and identity self-definition led to the only option of selecting interviewees with snowball sampling and building up the cooperation network by merging ego-networks. The focus of the paper aims to find those network characteristics that locate the elite in a key-position.Keywords: Elites -network roles and positions -minority -migration.
IntroducciónLas políticas públicas relacionadas con los Csango (en especial su identidad y autoidentificación) han estado históricamente fuertemente influenciadas (aunque no de 1 Traducción de Paula Escribano.2 Si se están buscando a las élites del Amazonas, se puede hacer peor que mirar fuera de la Amazonía.
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