Rigorous development of a qualitative semi-structured interview guide contributes to the objectivity and trustworthiness of studies and makes the results more plausible. Researchers should consider using this five-step process to develop a semi-structured interview guide and justify the decisions made during it.

Awareness of environmental issues is starting to encourage nursing services to seek sustainable practices. Nurses themselves are naturally in a key position to promote and develop environmentally responsible nursing. Environmentally responsible nursing helps to promote healthy environmental practices. It also reduces undesirable practices that can burden the environment and have a negative impact on health.

Aim: To explore how nurses perceived having a calling to nursing.Design: A mixed-method study.Methods: Survey data collected in autumn 2020 and semi-structured individual interview data collected in spring 2021. The 7925 survey respondents were care professionals and 414 of them were registered nurses. The 23 interview participants were registered nurses who responded to the survey. We examined the survey results using analysis of variance and t-tests and the interview data with qualitative thematic analysis.Results: Registered nurses had a lower calling than other care professionals. Based on the interviews, having a calling to nursing produce four key findings. Nurses with a calling experienced their work as meaningful. They also adopted a humane and holistic approach to their work. However, their calling could change during their professional career. Due to its historical roots, having a calling was seen as a risk for the nursing profession, as it meant nurses had an oppressed position in society and nurses associated it with poor working conditions and low pay. Conclusion:Our study showed that having a calling to nursing had multidimensional benefits for the individual nurse, their patient, colleagues, organization and society, but showed strong association between calling and nurses' poor working conditions and low pay. Impact:We found that nurses had a lower calling than other care professionals. Calling still exists, but it can produce tension in modern nursing. Organizations and society need to focus on how calling can be seen as a more positive attribute of nursing and improve nurses' working conditions and pay. K E Y W O R D S calling, care, mixed methods, nursing, registered nurses, working life 1 | INTRODUC TI ON Nurses' work engagement has become increasingly topical in recent years. Discussions have focused on their working conditions (McDermid et al., 2020) and, in particular, their workload (McHugh & Ma, 2014; Racy et al., 2021). Care has increased due to the rapid ageing of the general public (United Nations, 2019) and the increasing health hazards caused by climate change (Catton, 2020). At the same time, the number of nurses has decreased (Drennan & Ross, 2019) due to retention issues and the fact that the profession

The recognition of nursing professional dignity could have a positive impact on patients because the results clearly showed that nurses are more prone to foster patients' dignity, patients' safety, and a better quality of care if their own dignity is respected. If nurses are uncomfortable, humiliated, or not seen in their professional role, it is difficult to give to others good care, good support, or good relationships.

Healthcare provides a rich, and constantly increasing, number of written documents, which are underutilized in research data for health and nursing sciences, but previous literature has only provided limited guidance on the process of document analysis. The aim of this paper is to provide a methodological framework for analyzing health care documents as written data, based on a systematic methodological review and the research team’s experience of the method. Based on the results, the methods consist of seven phases: (i) identify the purpose, (ii) determine the document selection strategy, (iii) select or design an extraction matrix, (iv) carry out pilot testing, (v) collect and analyze the data, (vi) consider the credibility, and (vii) ethics of the study. The framework that has been developed can be used to carry out document analysis studies that are both feasible and credible.

Introduction Client orientation is an essential principle that underlines the delivery of high-quality health and social care. Despite this, little is known about how the health and social care professionals perceive this principle. The aim of this qualitative study was to describe the integrated perceptions of health and social care professionals of client orientation and the requirements for competencies and care and service systems. Methods The 29 participants were Finnish health and social care professionals and the data were collected with asynchronous online discussions in a closed Internet-based group from November 2017 to January 2018 and analysed with inductive content analysis. Results Client orientation was a core value in health and social care and services due to the humane approach required and the client's rights and responsibilities. It also required the professionals to have specific competencies and collaborate. The system elements that supported client orientation were an integrating and responsive service system, service availability and accessibility, guidance, leadership, resources and the effective use of technology. Discussion Professionals need additional training and structural support from their organizations if they were to deliver efficient, flexible, high-quality client-oriented health and social care and services.

Objective: To identify the key elements of environmental responsibility in hospital care and the stakeholders involved.

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