Background: Few studies have evaluated the effect of Rosa damascena (R. damascena) on uterine smooth muscle contraction and dysmenorrhea; but, their results were inconsistent.
Background: Few past studies have indicated antispasmodic and anti-oxidative effects of some species of Rubiaceae. Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the effect of hydroalcoholic extract of Rubia tinctorum L. (madder) root on the rat-isolated aorta and possible protective effects against the damage caused by hyperglycemic environment. Methods: The isolated thoracic aorta ring (with or without endothelium) was treated with phenylephrine (10 -6 M) or KCl (80 mM)
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