Background: This study aims to analyze the experiences of older patients with hypertension to realize the outcomes of their self-care behaviors for controlling hypertension. Materials and Methods: This is a qualitative research with a conventional content analysis approach. The participants consisting of 23 people were selected through purposive sampling. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews until data were saturated. Granheim and Lundman's conventional content analysis was applied to analyze the data. Results: After data analysis, four main categories including self-efficacy, active lifestyle, spirituality, and stress management were obtained. These categories show the experience and outcomes of self-care behaviors among elderly patients with hypertension. Conclusions: Awareness of the elderly of their potentials and role in disease control in addition to relying on the power of spirituality provides positive results in hypertension management. Self-actualization of the elderly resulted in resisting against the destructive effects of internal and external stress and moving in the direction of growth. Health professionals should be vigilant to encourage and promote education about the importance and advantages of self-care for elderlies.
Background & Aims: Coronavirus epidemic, along with other countries around the world, in Iran, also raised the need for social distancing and home quarantine. As a result, the continuation of face-to-face education was disrupted and virtual education was chosen as a strategy for not stopping education in schools and universities. Alternatively, virtual education was adopted in order not to stop education, thereby causing new challenges for students and universities. This qualitative study aimed at investigating the experiences of university professors of the problems of virtual education during the COVID-19 pandemic. Materials & Methods: This qualitative study was conducted using conventional content analysis. The aim of this study was to answer the question “What is the experience of university teachers about the challenges of virtual education during covid-19 pandemic?”. Participants were 24 university teachers in different fields whom were selected with purposeful sampling. Teachers of different disciplines at the university with a master’s degree or higher who also had at least three years of teaching experience were included in the study. Semi-structured interviews with open-ended questions were used to collect data. Analyzing data was done through conventional content analysis with Lundman and Graneheim methods with Maxqda. Results: The descriptive results of the study revealed that the age range of the participants was from 30 to 50 years old. 62.5 percent of the teachers were female. Their teaching experience varied from 3 to 26 years. In terms of academic degree, 58 percent were assistant professor, 20 percent were instructor, 16 percent were associate professor, and 6 percent were full professor. Additionally, 66 percent of them were teaching at state universities. The results obtained from the qualitative part of the study included Technology-related problems with 3 subcategory, Problems with the teaching process with 5 subcategory and Poor interaction with 3 subcategory. Conclusion: Due to the long closure of universities and the long-term use of e-learning Managers and policymakers in the education system need to design programs to address these issues.
PurposeThis study was done to develop and evaluate the psychometric properties of the Elderly Hypertension Self-Care Index.MethodsThis was an exploratory mixed method study. Items were developed through conducting a qualitative study with conventional content analysis approach and comprehensively reviewing the existing literature. Then, the developed index was assessed for face, content, and construct validity as well as reliability.ResultsAnalyses identified four themes of self-care: intelligent acceptance, self-actualization in the pass of the disease, effective supporters, and destructive constraints. Exploratory factor analysis revealed that only 28 items were appropriate which were loaded on six factors, accounting for 45.035% of the total variance of hypertension self-care. Cronbach's alpha and test–retest intraclass correlation coefficients of the index were 0.80 and 0.96, respectively.ConclusionThe Elderly Hypertension Self-Care Index showed that it is a valid and reliable index in the elderly health context; and can be used for self-care assessment among elderly people with hypertension.
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