In this paper, an on-chip photonic sampled and quantized analog-to-digital converter (ADC) on thin-film lithium niobate platform is experimentally demonstrated. Using two phase modulators as a sampler and a 5×5 multimode interference (MMI) coupler as a quantizer, a 1 GHz sinusoidal analog input signal was successfully converted to a digitized output with a 20 GSample/s sampling rate. To evaluate the system performance, the quantization curves together with the transfer function of the ADC were measured. The experimental effective number of bits (ENOB) was 3.17. The demonstrated device is capable of operating at a high frequency over 67 GHz, making it a promising solution for on-chip ultra-high speed analog-to-digital conversion.
An on-chip 64-channel hybrid (de)multiplexer for wavelength-division multiplexing (WDM) and mode-division multiplexing (MDM) is designed and demonstrated on a 220 nm SOI platform for the demands of large capacity optical interconnections. The designed hybrid (de)multiplexer includes a 4-channel mode (de)multiplexer and 16-channel wavelength-division (de)multiplexers. The mode (de)multiplexer is comprised of cascaded asymmetric directional couplers supporting coupling between fundamental TE mode and higher-order modes with low crosstalks in a wide wavelength range. The wavelength-division (de)multiplexers consist of two bi-directional micro-ring resonator arrays for four 16-channel WDM signals. Micro-heaters are placed on the micro-resonators for thermal tuning. According to the experimental results, the excess loss is <3.9 dB in one free spectral range from 1522 nm to 1552 nm and <5.6 dB in three free spectral ranges from 1493 nm to 1583 nm. The intermode crosstalks are −23.2 dB to −33.2 dB, and the isolations between adjacent and nonadjacent wavelength channels are about −17.1 dB and −22.3 dB, respectively. The thermal tuning efficiency is ∼2.22 mW/nm over one free spectral range.
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