Henna plant belongs to continental oases where water shortage constitutes the essential limiting factors of its agricultural production. Lawsonia inermis L. (Lytraceae) is often exposed to severe drought stress in Gabes; a Tunisian arid region. The present study was carried out to evaluate the impact of water stress on the morphology of Tunisian henna plants. Thus, an experiment of four months was carried out under greenhouse at the Institute of Arid Region in Medenine, Tunisia. Henna was exposed to three different irrigation regimes, whereby the plants where irrigated to field capacity (control, T0), 50% of the control (moderate stress, T1) and 25% of the control (severe deficit irrigation, T2). Results showed that, leaf area (LA), leaf number and stem length of henna, decreased in response to the studied stress. The effect of water stress was clearly observed on those parameters. Moderate drought (T1) did not damage henna morphology, and the plants grew better than without water limitation (T0). Furthermore, the water stress-typical responses were shown as time and severity dependent in all the measured parameters. Indeed, lowest water availability treatment (T2) induced significant decrease in total number of leaves, as well as
In this study, we aim to investigate the physiological and biochemical adaptations of Vicia faba plants to moderate irrigation regime (T1) and describe the effects of water stress on their growth performance and chlorophyll contents. For this reason, three Tunisia accessions (ElHamma, Mareth and Medenine) were studied. An experiment was conducted for one month. Faba bean plants were first grown in a greenhouse and then, exposed to water stress, whereby they were irrigated up to the field capacity (FC) of 0% (control, T0) and 50% of the control (moderate stress, T1). The effect of water stress on physiological parameters showed differences in relation to the accessions studied and the water regime. Relative water content (RWC) of ElHamma accession does not seem to be affected by stress as compared with the control regime. Total chlorophyll content decreases, whereas soluble sugar contents increases for all accessions studied. ElHamma has the highest content. About morphological parameters, bean growth varies according to the ascension and treatment. Hydric stress impedes the growth of the root part and caused a significant reduction in the shoot and root Dry Weight (DW) of the T1-stressed beans, compared to the optimal irrigation (T0).
In this research article, we investigated the effect of Euphorbia bivonae extract compounds on the lethality of brine shrimp Artemia salina and on embryonic cell lines (HEK293) proliferation. Our GC/MS analysis revealed that the E. bivonae ethanolic extract contained essentially sitosterol, euphol, and lupeol. The 24‐h LC50 was determined using the probit analysis method (LC50=357.11 mg l−1). Depending on this cytotoxicity test result, E. bivona extract induced a significant increase in Superoxide Dismutase (SOD), Catalase (CAT), Glutathione‐Peroxidase (GPx) activities, and lipid peroxidation (LPO) in A. salina larvae. In addition, the cytotoxicity effect of this extract had proved against the HEK293 cell lines in vitro. We suggest that the three compounds of E. bivonae extract (sitosterol, euphol, and lupeol) are the most responsible for this cytotoxicity. The possible application of this extract as an alternative natural antiproliferative is considered.
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