Reclaimed (recycled) asphalt pavement (RAP), the most recycled material worldwide, is the mostly reclaimed material utilized in hot mix asphalt. Polymer (Crumb rubber) incorporation frequently leads to enhanced durability and resistance to heat cracking and rutting, two forms of permanent deformation. It also relieves stiffness and minimizes fatigue damage. This study aims to gather all previous RAP-related research and crumb rubber CR, so that the impact of using these materials on mechanical, physical properties of asphalt pavement, environmental effect and cost effective are clarify and explained. The finding of this research proved that the use of RAP and CR provide considerable structural and financial enhancements to the construction.
Roller compacted concrete (RCC) is a form of plain concrete pavement (JPCP). RCC is a zero-slump concrete consisting of well-graded aggregate, cement and water. RCC has many advantages over other pavement types, particularly cost and speed of construction. Recently, RCC has undergone many developments mostly directed towards improving quality, including smoothness and durability. RCC now has the potential to combine the performance of concrete with the low cost of asphalt installation. A two-layer system of RCC with different aggregate types and sizes was utilized in this study. This paper presents the determination of load transfer stiffness across induced joints in a two-layer RCC system based on a cyclic shear test. The test was carried out for three different upper layer placement cases with different crack widths and load magnitudes. From the test results, an approximate equation was formulated to predict joint deterioration. It is suggested that this equation provides a useful tool to assist in the design of two-layer RCC pavement and, potentially for other concrete pavement types.
Joints in Roller Compacted Concrete (RCC) pavements are used to distribute traffic loading between adjacent slabs by friction. The Load Transfer Stiffness (LTS) of the joints has critical effects on RCC pavement performance near the joints. Research have shown that LTS can deteriorate over time due to traffic loading or environmental conditions. This study investigates the deterioration of LTS of RCC pavement joints and its effect on the fatigue cracking performance near the joints. To achieve that, firstly, an innovative experimental program was designed to measure LTS as a function of number of load repetition, joint width, and RCC mix properties using a cyclic shear test setup. Secondly, a mathematical model was derived to predict LTS deterioration in joints; this model was validated against the experimental data. Lastly, an RCC pavement design model was developed using the LTS deterioration model. To demonstrate the application of the developed solution, a hypothetical RCC pavement structure consisting of four slabs was considered. The analysis results show that LTS has inverse relationship and direct impact of fatigue life of RCC. In particular, the results demonstrate that fatigue damage over an analysis period of 20 years is negligible if LTS is assumed constant, which is unrealistic, but it can reach 40% if LTS deterioration is considered in the analysis.Accordingly, this study recommends considering the deterioration of RCC joint LTS when design that kind of pavement structures.
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