Aim: This study aimed to determine the use of probiotics Bifidobacterium spp. and Lactobacillus casei as alternative antibiotic growth promoters (AGPs) to improve growth performance and business analysis. Materials and Methods: This study used a completely randomized factorial design. The first factor was the time of administration (1, 2, 3, and 4 weeks) and the second was the use of probiotics (control without probiotics; 0.1% AGP and 0.5% Bifidobacterium spp. + 0.25% L. casei). One hundred and eighty laying hens (Lohmann strain), of 30 weeks old, were divided into 12 treatment groups, composed of five replicates, each consisting of three laying hens. Results: The results showed that using 0.5% Bifidobacterium spp. + 0.25% L. casei in weeks 1 and 2 showed the lowest feed intake (FI) (112.11-112.19 g/day), the highest egg weight (60.28 g) in the 1st week, the lowest feed conversion ratio (FCR) (2.21-2.23), and highest feed efficiency (44.75-45.25%) for 3-4 weeks, and the highest hen-day production (86.66-86.90%) for 3-4 weeks and the most profitable business analysis (IDR. 30,353). Conclusion: Based on the results, it can be concluded that the addition of 0.5% Bifidobacterium spp. + 25% L. casei probiotics can be used as a substitute for AGP; it can reduce the FI and FCR, increasing egg weight, feed efficiency, and hen-day production, as well as illustrating the results of the most profitable business analysis.

Background and Objectives: Use of antibiotics as growth promoters in animal feeds has been restricted due to the residues in poultry products such as egg and meat, furthermore to the antibiotic resistant of pathogenic bacteria. The prohibition of their use opens the opportunity for the use of non-antibiotic feed additives such as probiotics. The objectives of this study were to investigate the effect of the addition of  Lactobacillus casei WB 315 and crude fish oil (CFO) to diets on growth performance, eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), low density lipoproteins (LDL), high density lipoprotein (HDL), and cholesterol levesl of  broiler chickens. Materials and Methods: In this research, one-day old male broiler chicks were used and divided equally into four groups, namely a basal diet without L. casei WB 315 and without CFO (P0), basal diet supplemented with 0.5% L. casei WB 315 of total broiler basal feed (1.2 × 109 cfu/ml) and without CFO (P1), basal diet supplemented without L. casei WB 315 and 1% CFO of total broiler basal feed (P2), and basal diet supplemented with 0.5% L. casei WB 315 of total broiler basal feed (1.2 × 109 cfu/ml) and 1% CFO of total broiler basal feed (P3) for 35 days. Results: The results of addition 0.5% Lactobacillus casei WB 315 (1.2 × 109 cfu/ml) and 1% CFO of total broiler basal feed after 35 days showed significant difference among treatment in feed efficiency (p<0.05), feed conversion ratio (p<0.05), feed consumption (p<0.05), EPA (p<0.05), DHA (p<0.05), increase HDL (p<0.05), reduced the LDL (p<0.05), and reduce cholesterol (p<0.05) in meat broiler chicken. Conclusion: It is concluded that the addition of L. casei WB 315 and crude fish oil (CFO) could significant improve the growth performance (feed efficiency, feed conversion ratio, feed consumption) and could significantly improve EPA, DHA and increase HDL and decrease LDL in meat poultry product.

Background and Objectives: An experiment was designed to determine the effect of using lactic acid bacteria as alternative antibiotic growth promoters on external and internal quality of egg’s Coturnix coturnix japonica. Materials and Methods: Coturnix coturnix japonica (n=240, 14 weeks of age) were randomly distributed into six treatment groups. The treatments were P0 (free antibiotic feed), P1 (free antibiotic feed with 1 gram antibiotic growth promoters (AGP)/100kg feed), P2 (free antibiotic feed with 5 gram probiotic/100kg feed), P3 (free antibiotic feed with 10 grams probiotic/100kg feed), P4 (free antibiotic feed with 5 gram probiotic/200L drinking water), and P5 (free antibiotic feed with 10 gram probiotic/200L drinking water). Probiotic contained Lactobacillus casei (L. casei) and Lactobacillus rhamnosus (L. rhamnosus) culture (1.2 x 108 CFU/gram). To assess the quality parameters, twenty eggs were randomly collected from each treatment at the end of the experimental period, and the data were analysed using one way Anova. Results: Results of the external quality indicated that egg’s weight, length, and width, along with the shell weight and thickness were significantly different (P<0.05) after treatment. Likewise, the results of internal egg quality indicated that yolk color, height, width, and length, together with the albumen height, width, length, index and haugh unit were significantly different (P <0.05) after treatment. Conclusion: It was concluded from this research that dietary supplementation with probiotic which contains L. casei and L. rhamnosus could be used in laying Japanese quail with benefit on external and internal egg quality.

A male goat aged 1 year was reported to have had 1 day of stool mixed with blood, decreased appetite and drinking, hair loss, thin body condition, soft stool consistency, lice, and liver worms. On further examination, temperature checks and other physical examinations were carried out, where the temperature of the goat was 39.0 and for physical examination of the goat there were lice, dull buu, and experienced weight loss so that it looked thin. Infusion of RL and Dextrose 5% SC, Bio ATP and B Complex 10 ml IM, Penstrep 7 ml IM, and Verm-O 1 tab Oral.

ABSTRAKOrgan yang paling banyak terkontaminasi oleh paparan adalah hati, karena fungsinya sebagai adetoksifikator. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui perubahan histopatologi hati mencit (Mus musculus) akibat Endosulfan. Hewan percobaan yaitu 20 ekor mencit jantan dengan berat badan 20 gram. Paparan per-oral menggunakan Endosulfanon dengan dosis tunggal setiap perlakuan. Setelah 7 hari adaptasi, perlakuan kelompok pada hari kedelapan sebanyak 1cc per oral dengan dosis sebagai berikut: P1 6,25mg/kg berat badan/1cc/oral, P2 12,5mg/kg berat badan/1cc/oral dan P3 25mg/kg berat badan/1cc/oral. Pada hari kesepuluh dilakukan nekropsi untuk pengambilan hati mencit dan pembuatan mikro slide. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap dengan undian. Sel hati yang mengalami inflamasi, degenerasi, dan nekrosis dihitung dengan sistem skoring. Hasil penilaian dianalisis oleh Kruska-Wallis. Jika hasil menunjukkan P <0,05 (berbeda nyata) maka dilanjutkan Mann-Whitney. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Endosulfan berpengaruh terhadap perubahan histopatologi hati mencit. Dosis tertinggi 25mg/kg berat badan dapat menyebabkan keracunan dan kematian. Dosis terendah 6,25mg/kg berat badan dapat menyebabkan inflamasi, degenerasi, dan nekrosis secara histopatologi pada hati mencit. Dosis yang lebih tinggi diberikan untuk mendapatkan tingkatan yang semakin parah pada perubahan patologisnya.