Water erosion is identified as the most severe type of soil degradation in the Czech Republic. Systematic protection preventing water erosion is not carried out in large areas of agricultural land. The map of the maximum tolerable CP factor value (the cover-management and the support-practice factors) -CP max was compiled in order to assess erosion hazard on agricultural land. It estimates the requirements of the conservation practices which would not cause soil erosion above the tolerable limit of annual soil loss. The map is based on calculations using an adjusted Universal Soil Loss Equation (USLE) and is easy to apply. It has already been applied in the Czech Republic when creating the map of erosion vulnerability for the purposes of delimitation of Standards of Good Agricultural and Environmental Conditions (GAECs), within Cross Compliance. The map covers the whole territory of the Czech Republic (scale 1:1,000,000).
A careful analysis of rainfall-runoff events and patterns of sediment and pollution load to water bodies is crucial for the proper management of agricultural land. This study simultaneously employed the WaTEM/SEDEM long-term erosion model and the HEC-HMS episodic hydrological and erosion model to describe the runoff and sediment load evoked by extreme rainfall events in a small agricultural catchment in Czechia, using the long-term monitoring discharge and water quality episodic data. WaTEM/SEDEM helped to delineate the runoff and sediment critical source areas, subsequently incorporated into HEC-HMS. The acquired results showed that the spatial distribution of land use is a fundamental factor in the protection of watercourses from diffuse pollution sources and the transport and delivery of sediment profoundly depends on the status of crop cover on arable land near a watercourse. Integrating both models, it was shown that the tabulated Curve Number (CN) values as well as the average C-factor values had to be lowered for the majority of the modelled events to match the monitored data. A noticeable role of catchment runoff response most probably played tile drainage, which appeared to profoundly modify the episodic runoff pattern. This study showed a promising approach for the simulation of different rainfall-runoff responses of small agricultural catchments and could be applied for the delineation of areas where soil conservation measures or protective management is of high priority. The results further revealed the obvious need to revise the CN values for tile-drained catchments.
<p>Measurement of runoff events induced by natural rainfall or rainfall simulators of various construction and dimensions is a common method for obtaining data needed for run-off and soil erosion models calibration. As every simulator is different so are the methods for data collection, recording, processing and utilization. Mining the data from different sources for comparison or a common purpose can be quite exhausting as all the teams and workers use different software, workflows and structures for storing the data. The database presented is an attempt to provide a robust structure for storing experimental data together with its metadata, relationships between data sets and other information about the data collection and preprocessing. The desired state is where any record is back-trackable to the original source field record regardless if it was written by hand on paper or registred by digital logger.</p><p>The relational database is built in MySQL and provides a comprehensive structure for storing and retrieving the data and metadata. The access to the database is differentiated into multiple levels with different rights. A public web user interface allows low-level access to the data that can be viewed as tables and charts. Private web interface provides logged-in users the rights to add, delete and alter data. The web interface incorporates basic search, order and filter capabilities on the data. High level access by direct querying the DB is available for trusted users who are familiar with MySQL language and so are capable of creating their own complex queries. The direct access to the database is possible via any programing language with appropriate libraries. Querying the DB directly by code comes especially handy when preparing extensive datasheets for statistical evaluation or model calibration runs.</p><p>The database follows the &#8220;FAIR Guiding Principles for scientific data management and stewardship&#8221;.</p><p>So far the database was successfully tested on the data from the three institutions of the authors' affiliation . Further development and tuning of the DB to enable incorporation of wider range of data structures is desired and any suggestions are welcome. If you are dealing with measurements related to rainfall-runoff processes and are interested in making your data accessible, please bring a typical dataset or an overview of recorded parameters to this PICO.</p><p>&#160;</p><p>The research has been supported by the research project QK1810341 of Czech National Agricultural Research Agency and the European Social Fund in the Free State of Saxony (F&#246;rderbaustein: Promotionen)</p>
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