A larger tumor size, younger patient's age and higher BMI value correlated with a higher risk of tumor hemorrhage. For tumor sizes less than 7.35 cm, we recommend active surveillance or TAE for hemorrhage prevention. We also suggest that surgical management should be considered for patients with tumors larger than 7.35 cm, symptomatic and progressive AML, or suspicious EAML.
Renal epithelioid angiomyolipoma (eAML) is considered a malignant variant of angiomyolipoma (AML). From 2001 to 2016, a total of 570 patients were diagnosed with renal AML in Linko Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taiwan, including 23 cases of renal eAML. All 23 eAML cases were made up of at least 10% of epithelioid cells histologically. Three of these cases were found with multiple tumors. Two cases developed distant metastasis: one had mediastinal lymph nodes and bilateral lung metastasis; the other one had tumor recurrence over liver and retroperitoneum 1 year after radical nephrectomy. They were then divided into invasive (n = 5) and noninvasive (n = 18) groups according to their clinical behavior. The invasive group showed more severe nuclear atypia and higher rates in tumor necrosis. There was statistically no significance in relation to a patient's age, tumor size, and mitotic count between two groups. After conducting a series of studies, we suggest treating eAML with the guideline of renal cell carcinoma.
Micro-light emitting diodes (μLEDs) with remarkable advantages are becoming mainstream in next-generation display technologies such as augmented reality/virtual reality displays. However, further development of μLEDs still faces significant challenges, including mass transfer yield. Here, we report color conversion layer (CCL)-based, full-color, highly efficient μLED arrays as a solution to address this challenging issue. Further amalgamating CCL with color purity enhancement film enables us to realize 7 μm×7 μm subpixel fluorescent arrays with a color gamut of 95.34% in DCI-P3, resulting in an overall 1588 PPI (pixel per inch). Our results provide a promising technique for fabricating higher PPI-based next-generation display technology.
A majority (54.1%, n = 40) of the patients with positive F-FDG PET/CT results underwent treatment modifications; they accounted for most cases (87%) of management changes in our cohort. Leukocytosis and increased CRP levels are significantly associated with positiveF-FDG PET/CT findings in patients with bacteremia. CRP levels >54.025 mg/L were accurate predictors of positive F-FDG PET/CT results.
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