Unique ethylene glycol ligand environments are utilized to overcome the HER kinetic limitation of CoP modified by a low Pt loading via local proton concentration and subsequent hydrogen spillover.
The
coordinated configuration of atomic platinum (Pt) has always
been identified as an active site with high intrinsic activity for
hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). Herein, we purposely synthesize
single vacancies in a carbon matrix (defective graphene) that can
trap atomic Pt to form the Pt–C3 configuration,
which gives exceptionally high reactivity for HER in both acidic and
alkaline solutions. The intrinsic activity of Pt–C3 site is valued with a turnover frequency (TOF) of 26.41 s–1 and mass activity of 26.05 A g–1 at 100 mV, respectively,
which are both nearly 18 times higher than those of commercial 20
wt % Pt/C. It is revealed that the optimal coordination Pt–C3 has a stronger electron-capture ability and lower Gibbs free
energy difference (ΔG), resulting in promoting
the reduction of adsorbed H+ and the acceleration of H2 desorption, thus exhibiting the extraordinary HER activity.
This work provides a new insight on the unique coordinated configuration
of dispersive atomic Pt in defective C matrix for superior HER performance.
Multiple resonance thermally activated delayed fluorescence (MR-TADF) emitters show great potentials for high color purity organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs). However, the simultaneous realization of high photoluminescence quantum yield (PLQY) and high reverse intersystem crossing rate (k RISC ) is still a formidable challenge. Herein, a novel asymmetric MR-TADF emitter (2Cz-PTZ-BN) is designed that fully inherits the high PLQY and large k RISC values of the properly selected parent molecules. The resonating extended π-skeleton with peripheral protection can achieve a high PLQY of 96 % and a fast k RISC of above 1.0 × 10 5 s À 1 , and boost the performance of corresponding pure green devices with an outstanding external quantum efficiency (EQE) of up to 32.8 % without utilizing any sensitizing hosts. Remarkably, the device sufficiently maintains a high EQE exceeding 23 % at a high luminance of 1000 cd m À 2 , representing the highest value for reported green MR-TADF materials at the same luminescence.
An oxygen vacancy-rich Au/TiO2 hybrid nanosheet is used as an electrocatalyst for NRR that delivers a high NH3 yield of 64.6 μg h−1 mg−1 cat and an faradic efficiency (FE) of 29.5% and excellent structural stability under ambient conditions.
Background:
The clinical relevance and biological role of tissular
AOC4P
in gastric cancer (GC) remains to be clarified.
Methods:
The association between
AOC4P
expression and
clinicopathological characteristics was investigated.
In
vitro
, 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium
bromide (MTT), colony formation, wound healing and terminal deoxynucleotidyl
transferase dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) assays were performed to explore
the biological effects of
AOC4P
on GC cell proliferation,
migration, invasion, and apoptosis in MGC-803 and BGC-823 cell lines.
In vivo
, animal experiments were conducted to confirm
the
in vitro
findings. Quantitative real-time polymerase
chain reaction, western blotting, and immunofluorescence were used to
investigate the potential mechanisms.
Results:
Expression levels of
AOC4P
were significantly higher in
tumor tissues than in noncancerous tissues, and patients with high levels of
AOC4P
had poor overall and disease-free survival.
AOC4P
expression was correlated with lymphovascular
invasion.
In vitro
, knockdown of
AOC4P
inhibited tumor cell proliferation, migration, and invasion, and promoted
apoptosis of MGC-803 and BGC-823 cells.
In vivo
, BGC-823
cells transfected with
AOC4P
siRNA formed smaller and
lighter tumors than BGC-823 cells transfected with negative control siRNA in
severe combined immunodeficiency mice. Additionally, the
si-
AOC4P
group had less proliferating cells and more
apoptotic cells in tumor xenografts compared with the negative control.
Mechanistically, knockdown of
AOC4P
decreased the
expression of vimentin and MMP9, while increasing the expression of
E-cadherin. Immunofluorescence confirmed the relationship between
AOC4P
expression and E-cadherin, vimentin, and MMP9
levels in clinical GC specimens.
Conclusions:
AOC4P
promotes tumorigenesis and progression partly through
epithelial–mesenchymal transition in GC. Additionally,
AOC4P
may serve as a prognostic biomarker for clinical
decision making.
The desire of a carbon-free society and the continuously increasing demand of clean energy make it valuable to exploit green ammonia (NH3) synthesis that proceeds via electrolysis driven Haber-Bosch (eHB)...
Photocatalysis offers an attractive strategy to upgrade H2O to renewable fuel H2. However, current photocatalytic hydrogen production technology often relies on additional sacrificial agents and noble metal cocatalysts, and there are limited photocatalysts possessing overall water splitting performance on their own. Here, we successfully construct an efficient catalytic system to realize overall water splitting, where hole-rich nickel phosphides (Ni2P) with polymeric carbon-oxygen semiconductor (PCOS) is the site for oxygen generation and electron-rich Ni2P with nickel sulfide (NiS) serves as the other site for producing H2. The electron-hole rich Ni2P based photocatalyst exhibits fast kinetics and a low thermodynamic energy barrier for overall water splitting with stoichiometric 2:1 hydrogen to oxygen ratio (150.7 μmol h−1 H2 and 70.2 μmol h−1 O2 produced per 100 mg photocatalyst) in a neutral solution. Density functional theory calculations show that the co-loading in Ni2P and its hybridization with PCOS or NiS can effectively regulate the electronic structures of the surface active sites, alter the reaction pathway, reduce the reaction energy barrier, boost the overall water splitting activity. In comparison with reported literatures, such photocatalyst represents the excellent performance among all reported transition-metal oxides and/or transition-metal sulfides and is even superior to noble metal catalyst.
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