Introduction: Between 1964 and 1973, more than 550 Korean female nursing officers were deployed to the Vietnam War as part of the Korean military. Their achievements were overshadowed by the male combat troops. The purpose of this study was to explore the essence of their lived experiences. Method: Using the hermeneutic phenomenological approach, the data were collected through in-depth interviews with 14 Korean female nursing officers who were deployed to the Vietnam War. Results: Seven essential themes were derived: Enduring confusion, Being devoted to duty, Establishing deep comradeship, Realizing the dark side of war, Being discriminated against as female, Achieving and being rewarded, and Growing as leaders. Conclusion: This study acquired valuable data on nursing history and useful information on the psychological, physical, and environmental difficulties that could be faced by female nurses working in conflicts, wars, and disaster situations.
The incidence of metabolic syndrome, a chronic disease, tends to increase in adolescence, but has not been a high priority in delivery of health services. This study was to investigate the relationship between metabolic syndrome prevalence and mineral balance such as calcium and phosphorus intake among Korean adolescents. This study is a cross-sectional descriptive study using data from the 7th Korean national health and nutrition examination survey (KNHANES) VII-3 (2018) and the 8th KNHANES VII-1 (2019). A total of 895 adolescents aged 12 to 18 who filled in mineral intake questionnaires were analyzed using SPSS. According to their responses, only 2.9% of the subjects had a calcium: phosphorus intake ratio of 1:1, which is the recommended ratio. Daily phosphorus intake was significantly correlated with systolic blood pressure (r = 0.448, p < 0.001), waist circumference (r = 0.115, p = 0.001), HDL cholesterol (r = −0.113, p = 0.002), and daily calcium intake (r = 0.697, p = 0.001). And, as the serum creatinine increased by 1, the risk of metabolic syndrome increased 16.5 times (OR: 16.452, 95% CI: 1.701–159.136, p < 0.05). Excessive phosphorus intake and high creatinine levels may increase the risk of metabolic syndrome in adolescents. Therefore, education is necessary to encourage adolescents to follow a balanced diet that contains essential minerals. In addition, it is suggested to expand the metabolic syndrome prevention education, which has been largely targeted towards adults.
(1) Objective: Lead, a heavy metal that exists commonly in air, soil and crops may cause chronic disease in the cardiovascular system. The purpose of this study is to investigate how blood lead levels affect cardiovascular disease in adults. (2) Study Design and Participants: It is a cross-sectional, descriptive study using data from the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES). Data from a total of 1929 participants, derived from the KNHANES, conducted by the Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, in 2017, were analyzed using SPSS version 25.0. (3) Measurement: The cardiovascular disease risk was calculated using the Framingham risk score. There was a strong positive correlation between blood lead levels and the Framingham risk score. Furthermore, of the FRS sub-criteria, systolic blood pressure, HDL cholesterol level and total cholesterol level all also showed a significant correlation. (4) Results: We analyzed the correlation between PbB levels and the FRS sub-criteria, including systolic blood pressure, HDL cholesterol level, total cholesterol level and the FRS total. We found a significant positive correlation between PbB levels and systolic blood pressure, FRS total and total cholesterol level (p < 0.05), as well as a significant negative correlation with HDL cholesterol level (p < 0.05). (5) Conclusion: Based on the perception that there is no lower toxicological threshold for blood lead, it is necessary to restrict lead in product manufacturing for the purpose of public health. In addition, it is necessary to be aware of the dangers of exposure to even small amounts of lead in daily life.
Purpose: This study aimed to develop a multicultural education program that includes contact with persons from multiple cultures and to report on the program’s effects on intercultural communication competence and nursing professionalism.Methods: A multicultural education program that included contact with persons from multiple cultures was developed, and a quasi-experimental study was performed using a non-equivalent control group pretest-posttest design. The experimental group comprised 32 participants, and the control group comprised 26 participants. An online survey was conducted before and immediately after the intervention to collect data.Results: The experimental and control groups’ mean scores for intercultural communication competence before the intervention were 3.67 and 3.84, respectively, while their mean scores for nursing professionalism were 3.87 and 3.69, respectively. After the intervention, both the intercultural communication competence score and the nursing professionalism score improved to 4.02 in the experimental group. The study demonstrated significant improvement in intercultural communication competence and nursing professionalism after the multicultural education program was conducted.Conclusion: The study’s results demonstrate the need to develop a multicultural education program including contact and communication with persons from multiple cultures, such as international students, women who immigrated for marriage, immigrant workers, and multicultural families.
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