International audienceBiofuels are a promising alternative to petroleum-based fuels. This paper investigates the performance, combustion, and exhaust emissions of a single cylinder diesel engine operated on baseline diesel and biofuel produced by vegetable oil and processing animal fat. The vegetable oil is called PODL20, which is a blend of palm oil and D-Limonen in proportion of 80% and 20%, respectively. The second biofuel is synthesized from the animal fat wastes (WAF) after transesterification process. Both experimental and numerical investigations are achieved in this work. The experiments are conducted at constant engine speed mode (1800 rpm) with applied loads on a wide domain. The CFD code CONVERGE is used to simulate the in-cylinder combustion for all the tested fuels. Comparative measures of brake thermal efficiency, break specific fuel consumption (bsfc), exhaust gas temperature, volumetric efficiency, and pollution (THC, CO2, CO, NO, NOx) are presented and discussed. Also, a step is achieved with in-cylinder CFD simulation of biofuel combustion. The obtained results indicate that the combustion characteristics are slightly changed when comparing neat diesel to biofuels. Some of the results obtained in this work indicate that WAF fuel decreases the total unburned fuel as well as the nitrogen oxides (NOx) emissions. The numerical results are in logic agreement with those obtained experimentally, which promotes more detailed investigations and combustion characteristics optimization in forthcoming works. [DOI: 10.1115/1.4005660
In Europe, recent regulations on advanced biofuels have prompted a search for new fuel sources and the development of synthesis methods meeting the demanding specifications of the sector. However, in developing countries such as Algeria, where a significant stock of frying oil is unused, the use of diesel engines powered with waste-oil-derived biofuels must be explored. In this work, the variables related to the transesterification reaction from this frying oil with ethanol are analyzed using response surface methodology. From this analysis, only the reaction time and temperature have been determined as relevant parameters. In addition, FT-IR analysis has proven a useful tool to analyse the conversion in the transesterification reaction of waste frying oil with ethanol and is cheaper and quicker than GC-FID. This sustainable biofuel (FAEE), mixed with a diesel and pure fuel, has been physically characterized. The mixture of FAEE at 30% by volume with diesel meets the requirements demanded in standard EN 590 and can be classified as winter diesel class D. As a pure biofuel, only its high cold flow temperatures could constitute a drawback for exporting to temperate climates but not for internal consumption. Graphical Abstract Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1007/s12649-020-01149-4) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
The increase in population growth rates led to a high rate of production and use of plastic materials, which created a problem in the collection and management of this waste [1]. This created severe threats to the environment and the ecosystem. The main objective of this paper is to conduct an experimental assessment of a direct diesel engine fueled with waste plastic oil (WPO), eucalyptus biofuel (EB) and conventional diesel. The engine operated in the same operating condition with all fuels. The results show that WPO has a shorter ignition delay, resulting in lower in-cylinder temperature and pressure than EB and diesel fuel. The brake thermal efficiency of WPO is significant over all the range of engine loading. Carbon monoxide emissions of WOP fuel are lower than diesel fuel and higher than EB oil. Nitrogen oxide emissions of WPO are lower at low and full loads but higher at medium load. Considerable decrease in unburned hydrocarbons and particulate matter emissions with EB compared with WPO and diesel fuels. The results of this study concluded that both fuels are considered a viable solution for achieving sustainably.
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