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A novel reconfigurable slotted leaky-wave antenna (LWA) based on a substrate integrated waveguide (SIW) with a fixed-frequency beam-steering capability is presented in this paper. For improved compactness, the structure is based on a SIW technology with rectangular slots fed by associated coupling with plated-through holes (PTH).This represents a new feeding method for etched slots in SIW antennas. Each via is loaded with a pin diode on both sides frontend of the waveguide. The pin diodes are tunable by adjusting the DC bias voltage, which results in beam scanning at a fixed frequency of around 27 GHz. Thus an electronically controlled steerable SIW antenna has been designed and experimentally verified that the radiation angle varies from −33 • to +33 • .

Terahertz (THz) links will play a major role in high data rate communication over a distance of few meters. In order to achieve this task, antenna designs with high gain and wideband characteristics will spearhead these links. In this contribution, we present different antenna designs that offer characteristics better suited to THz communication over short distances. Firstly, a single-element antenna having a dipole and reflector is designed to operate at 300 GHz, which is considered as a sub-terahertz band. That antenna achieves a wide impedance bandwidth of 38.6% from 294 GHz to 410 GHz with a gain of 5.14 dBi. Secondly, two designs based on the same dipole structure but with added directors are introduced to increase the gain while maintaining almost the same bandwidth. The gains achieved are 8.01 dBi and 9.6 dBi, respectively. Finally, an array of 1×4 elements is used to achieve the highest possible gain of 13.6 dBi with good efficiency about 89% and with limited director elements for a planar compact structure to state-of-the-art literature. All the results achieved make the proposed designs viable candidates for high-speed and short-distance wireless communication systems.

This paper focuses on the 60 GHz band, which is known to be very attractive for enabling next-generation abundant multi-Gbps wireless connectivity in 5G communication. We propose a novel concept of a double-layer antenna, loosely inspired from standard log-periodic schemes but with an aperiodic geometry, reduced size, and a limited number of elements while achieving excellent performance over the entire 60 GHz band. To maximize the antenna's efficiency, we have developed a design that differs from those traditionally used for millimeter-wave communication applications. We aim to simultaneously maximize the gain, efficiency, and bandwidth. The reflection coefficient of the proposed design achieves a bandwidth of 20.66% from 53.9 GHz up to 66.3 GHz, covering the entire frequency band of interest. In addition, this proposed structure achieves a maximum realized gain of 11.8 dBi with an estimated radiation efficiency of 91.2%. The proposed antenna is simulated, fabricated, and tested in an anechoic chamber environment. The measurement data show a reasonable agreement with the simulation results, with respect to the bandwidth, gain, and side-lobe level over the operational spectrum.2 of 12 paradigm, a printed antenna based on microstrip technology is a suitable alternative for satisfying the desired requirements. However, conventionally, microstrip antennas designed at the MMW bands typically exhibit low gain, low efficiency due to substrates' losses, and narrow bandwidth [3]. Typically, for an emblematic wireless application, the desired physical and electrical specifications of the MMW antennas are achieved by carefully selecting an appropriate antenna terminology, with an advanced technology used for prototyping and realization by adopting suitable design approaches with modifications to the conventional antenna types [4]. Antenna arrays are usually used for high-gain frontend MMW wireless terminals [5]. However, such an approach is discouraged due to the considerable power losses and loss of compactness because of the mismatches among various circuit elements and the extended feeding network. In reference [6], an MMW antenna array operating at 60 GHz was designed and tested. The designed array of 16 × 16 elements exhibits a high gain of 30.5 dBi but with a low efficiency of around 40%. An antenna array of 10 elements operating at 60 GHz was presented that exhibits a maximum gain of 13 dBi with an efficiency of 63% [7]. In references [8] and [9], typical arrays of patch antenna elements were chosen to achieve high-gain. The realized gain cannot be higher than 19.6 dBi and 17.5 dBi using the 4 × 4 elements. However, both types of arrays operate over a wide bandwidth, which is around 27.5%. As an alternative, to enhance the bandwidth and the gain of microstrip-based antennas simultaneously, an aperture-coupled feeding approach has been suggested [9][10][11][12]. However, micromachining is required for the development of the multilayer circuits, which increases the complexity, cost, and vulnerability to the fabricatio...