Introduction: Premenstrual syndrome (PMS) affects many women during their work life. PMS in working' Egyptian women, however, are less well researched. Aim of work: To determine the prevalence of PMS in a sample of academic female teaching staff in Zagazig University and explore PMS in the work context. Materials and methods: One hundred and eighty six academic female from Zagazig University (mean age=30.74 years) participated in a comparative cross-sectional study involving a semistructured interview and completing prospective premenstrual symptom questionnaire between April and December 2015. Results: The results showed a high prevalence rate (66%, n=122) had PMS. Student's t-tests, chi-square tests were used to examine group differences and multiple regression analyses to explore relationships between background variables and PMS symptom types (behavioral, physical, and psychological) and work outcomes of interest (job performance, work capacity, coping with work, and whether work made symptoms worse). Compared to staff without PMS, women with PMS experienced greater impaired work capacity, job performance, and perceived work to exacerbate their PMS symptoms. Conclusion: This study showed that PMS is highly prevalent among female academic teaching staff in Zagazig University and is more likely to show greater perceptions of impaired work capacity, performance, as well as perceiving work to make symptoms worse.

Introduction: According to The Egyptian Central Agency for Public Mobilization and Statistics (CAPMAS), 72% of road traffic accidents occur due to aberrant driving behavior. Substance abuse particularly cannabis is commonly used among Egyptian commercial drivers and seriously affects safe driving. Aim of work: To assess the magnitude of substance abuse among a sample of professional minibus drivers, Zagazig city, Sharqia Governorate, Egypt, to investigate their driving behavior and to determine the predicting factors for the risky driving behavior as a major cause of road accidents. Materials and Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted in Al Ahrar main public station, Zagazig city, Sharqia Governorate, Egypt on a sample of 130 commercial drivers. A structured questionnaire was introduced to all participants and included data on socio occupational status and the driving behavior questionnaire (DBQ) which is composed of 26 items. Substance abuse was screened through rapid assessment urine test. Results: Among the participants, 57.7% tested positive for substance abuse and the most common abused substance was cannabis which represented 80% of the positive participants. The DBQ scores were higher among substance abused drivers with statistical significant difference particularly in most of violations and error items. The predictors for aberrant driving behavior were low income, excessive speeding, previous involvement in road traffic crash and substance abuse. Conclusion: Illicit drugs are commonly used by Egyptian professional drivers and seriously affect safe driving. Driving under the effect of illicit drugs like cannabis, opioid, cocaine, and hallucinogens represents major threat to public safety (Lipari et al., 2016); as it predisposes to health hazards , not only to the driver but also to the passengers and others on the road (Alvarez et al., 2015). Substance use can affect seriously drivers' brain functions essential for safe driving like perception, attention, balance and coordination leading to severe Regular traffic police campaigns for screening of substance abuse among commercial drivers and applying of road safety awareness program can lower the prevalence and burden of road traffic accidents in Egypt.

Introduction:The number of breast cancer survivors is increasing worldwide in the labor market. The average age of Egyptian women who have breast cancer is significantly younger than the average age of American and European women. Survivors of breast cancer encounter stressful experience that affect their quality of life (QOL) and work productivity. Aim of work: To assess the quality of life (QOL) and work limitations among survivors of breast cancer and to determine the medical and socio-demographic predictors of both QOL and work limitations among the studied sample. Materials and Methods: A total of 134 survivors of breast cancer attending the Oncology and Nuclear Medicine outpatient clinics in Zagazig University Hospital were studied through the EORTC QLQ-C30 and EORTC QLQ -BR23 (the Arabic versions) and a questionnaire based upon the English version of the Work Limitations Questionnaire. Results: The studied participants mean age was 48.32±8.68, and 68.66% of them work for more than forty hours per week. The studied females reported low mean scores of EROTC QLQ -C30 and BR-23 scales. The EROTC global QOL scores were significantly affected by: treatment type, years since cancer diagnosis, disease stage II and III, and working hours per week. The percentage of work productivity loss was 8.3% and it was significantly affected by: treatment type, years since cancer diagnosis, years since completing primary cancer treatment, and disease stage II and III. Conclusion: Working women with breast cancer in Egypt experience low scores of quality of life and need more attention and support programs to cope with their health status, treatment type, and work requirements.

Background: Extent of computer usage in public and private sectors had been greatly increased in recent decades carrying the risk of several health hazards. Objectives: To determine the prevalence of self assessment of physical discomforts among computer operators at Zagazig University, and to conduct an interventional ergonomic health education program and measuring the extent of success of this program. Subjects and Methods: A study was conducted on 118 computer operators in different 12 computer workstations at Zagazig University. A cross sectional study using standardized questionnaire, and interventional study included application of ergonomic health education intervention program were implemented. Evaluation was done six months after conduction of the intervention to measure the degree of success of the program. Results: Analysis of (lie collected data reveals that eye tiredness is the most common symptom which represents 70.3%. Headache also has a high percentage which represents 61%, the least prevalent symptom is lacrimation which represents 24.6%. The significant risk factors for eye problems are screen glare, working duration more than 6 years in computer field and daily working hours in front of computer more than 5 hours. Musculoskeletat problems eye problems, working duration more than 6 years in ; computer field and daily working hours in front of computer more than 5 hours are the significant predictors for work fatigue. The most prevalent musculoskeletal symptom among studied computer operators is neck pain (49.2%) followed by lower back pain (48.3%). Awkward posture, prolonged sitting, working duration more than 6 years in computer field and daily working hours in front of computer more than 5 hours are the significant risk factors for having musculoskeletal symptoms. The ergonomic health education intervention program has a significant effect on raising computer operators' knowledge about computer health hazards and also has a significant effect on operators' practices towards modification and adaptation of their workstations regarding monitor and keyboard position. Conclusion and recommendations: Although video display terminal work carries the risk of several health hazards, just application of simple ergonomic health education intervention program through meetings to address questions and concerns and then give the health education message about health hazards, risk factors and the right manner of safe practice can lead to significant positive impact on knowledge, practices and health status of workers. So, we recommend periodic training, proper ergonomic basis, adequate room area and Establishment of ergonomic website directed to computer operators at Zagazig University Workstations.