Development in Information and Communication Technology (ICT) has the potential to provide affordable and accessible Tele-healthcare services in developing countries. In rural and remote areas of Pakistan, Lady Health Workers (LHWs) are the main source of healthcare provision. This paper presents a model for providing Tele-Healthcare services using web and mobile phone based technologies to rural and resourcepoor areas of Pakistan. Using the proposed model in this paper, these LHWs will be using SMS and MMS technology to provide healthcare services to people in rural areas of Pakistan. The initiative led to Jaroka Tele-healthcare project, in which the actual implementation of the model is being carried out. This project is currently implemented in Zahidabad, a village in Mardan, NWFP Pakistan. We also discuss the project implementation, methodology, its services and statistics of treatment of patients at Mardan facility, potential benefits and challenges.
This study seeks to examine how various components of English grammar can be taught through animated movies. The study demonstrates the use of gerunds in a sentence or a discourse through an animated feature film Tangled. The data for this research was taken from the students of grade eight. The students were shown various video clips, comprising dialogues and songs, from the movie and asked to identify the use of gerunds. Later, the students were given various worksheets containing tasks, based on the use of gerunds in a sentence. The students remained very responsive during the whole lesson and effectively learned the use of gerunds and the difference between gerunds and the present participle. The study concluded that animated movies in grammar teaching classes can serve as a positive reinforcement tool for the language learning process as the animated movies considerably increase the learning speed and proficiency of the students.
Clean air is necessary for leading a healthy life. Many respiratory illnesses have their root in the poor quality of air across regions. Due to the tremendous impact of air quality on people’s lives, it is essential to devise a mechanism through which air pollutants (PM2.5, NOx, COx, SOx) can be forecasted. However, forecasting air quality and its pollutants is complicated as air quality depends on several factors such as weather, vehicular, and power plant emissions. This aim of this research was to find the impact of weather on PM2.5 concentrations and to forecast the daily and hourly PM2.5 concentration for the next 30 days and 72 h in Pakistan. This forecasting was done through state-of-the-art deep learning and machine learning models such as FbProphet, LSTM, and LSTM encoder–decoder. This research also successfully forecasted the proposed daily and hourly PM2.5 concentration. The LSTM encoder–decoder had the best performance and successfully forecasted PM2.5 concentration with a mean absolute percentage error (MAPE) of 28.2%, 15.07%, and 42.1% daily, and 11.75%, 9.5%, and 7.4% hourly for different cities in Pakistan. This research proves that a data-driven approach is essential for resolving air pollution in Pakistan.
Mobile commerce has gained pace in recent years, providingan extended interaction channel between consumers and online retailers. Regardless of a significant increase in mobile internet usage, the adoption of mobile e-commerce (MC) services has not been as far-reached in the growing economies of the world. Recently, research in the e-commerce applied Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) indicated contradicting results.Some research studies found perceived usefulness has a significant effect on online purchase attitude, whereas in another study it was insignificant. We understand this, among many other factors, to be a consequence of the different levels of internet usage and its penetration in the region. We performed this study in Pakistan origin, a growing economy, where internet usage has significantly increased in the last decade or so. The e-commerce industry reviews pointed out that low consumer trust and poor logistics might be the key constraints in B2C mobile e-commerce adoption in Pakistan. Based on these grounds we adapted TAM by including consumer trust belief in mobile e-commerce and excluding perceived ease of use, as many research studies reported it insignificant for online shopping context. The proposition developed that trust in online shopping has an impact on improved perceptions about the usefulness of this interaction channel between online buyers and sellers. This positive usage attitude facilitates favorable online purchase intentions. The research conducted based on empirical evidence from Pakistan, and the model was developed on the bases of TAM, consumer trust in MC, and perceived usefulness and trust in mobile e-commerce. An online questionnaire survey was distributed to gather responses. Data analysis was performed with the partial least square technique or structured equation modeling. The research findings show that belief in trustworthiness of e-commerce has a more significant impact on usage attitude for mobile e-commerce as compared to PU. This implicates that online retailers in Pakistan should focus more on developing trust of their prospects by providing trust cues and other trust-building mechanisms. The research model empirically studied on evidence from Pakistan was first of its kind . In the future, the research can be conducted on specific categories of items (such as apparel fashion, technology base products) or services (such as traveling, hotels) developing effective strategies for retailers in B2C mobile e-commerce.
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