Herein, we report a case of a ten years old boy with rare clinical manifestations associated with the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), in which the first clinical symptoms were urticaria and fever, and then he developed arthritis. The possibility of post-COVID-19, reactive arthritis, or postinfectious arthritis can be expected from this virus. The recent pandemic resulting from a novel coronavirus named severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has been associated with several different clinical manifestations worldwide. Based on recent studies, fever, dry cough, and fatigue are common symptoms that have been described for this disease. 1 The coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) maybe mimic the rheumatic diseases. Also, urticarial eruption may manifest in patients with COVID-19 as the presenting complaint or appear prior to other classical symptoms of COVID-19. 2 Herein we reported an unusual presentation of COVID-19 in a 10-year-old boy with arthritis and urticaria.

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Hyper immunoglobulin-E (IgE) syndrome is an autosomal immune deficiency disease. It is characterized by an increase in IgE and eosinophil count with both T-cell and B-cell malfunction. Here, we report an 8-year-old boy whose disease started with an unusual skin manifestation. When 6 months old he developed generalized red, nontender nodules and pathologic report of the skin lesion was unremarkable (inflammatory). Then he developed a painless, cold abscess. At the age of 4 years, he developed a seronegative polyarticular arthritis. Another skin biopsy was taken which was in favor of Keratoacanthoma. Laboratory workup for immune deficiency showed high eosinophil count and high level of immunoglobulin-E, due to some diagnostic criteria (NIH sores: 41 in 9-year-olds), he was suggestive of hyper IgE syndrome. At the age of 8, the patient developed an abscess in the left inguinal region. While in hospital, the patient developed generalized tonic colonic convulsion and fever. Brain computed tomography scan revealed an abscess in the right frontal lobe. Subsequently magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the brain indicated expansion of the existing abscess to contralateral frontal lobe (left side). After evacuating the abscesses and administrating intravenous antibiotic, the patient's condition improved dramatically and fever stopped.

Herein we report a case of a ten years old boy with rare clinical manifestations associated with COVID-19, in which the first clinical symptoms were urticaria and fever, and then he developed arthritis. The possibility of post-COVID-19, reactive arthritis, or postinfectious arthritis can be expected from this virus.

Herein we report a case of a ten years old boy with rare clinical manifestations associated with COVID-19, in which the first clinical symptoms were urticaria and fever, and then he developed arthritis. The possibility of post-COVID-19, reactive arthritis, or postinfectious arthritis can be expected from this virus.

Allergic rhinitis, asthma, and sinusitis represent a major global health problem; to date, there have not been any multiple large sample-sized studies investigating respiratory disease in various provinces of Iran. →What this article adds:Rhinosinusitis is a common condition among Iranian patients. Factors such as environmental location and smoking proved to be important in determining the prevalence of AR, asthma, and sinusitis.

Introduction: Malignant bone tumors account for 6% of childhood malignancies. The peak incidence rate for bone cancer is in adolescents. Geographic and race differences in incidence rate of bone tumors are important for correct diagnosis and treatment. Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the demographic features of patients with malignant bone tumors and prognostic factors. Patients and Methods: In a retrospective study, records of all patients diagnosed and treated for malignant bone tumor from March 1996 to February 2014 were investigated. Data were collected using checklists and analyzed using SPSS software. Results: The most common type of bone tumor was Ewing sarcoma (73.7%) in patients who were over 10 years old (87.5%). Primary site of disease in most cases of osteosarcoma and Ewing sarcoma was distal femur (50% and 27.3%, respectively). Most common clinical manifestation was local pain and mass (88.5%). Regarding metastasis, 72.7% of osteosarcoma patients and 32.4% of Ewing sarcoma patients had metastasis. There was not statistically relationship between survival rate and gender, age group and stage of disease at diagnosis time. One, three and five-year survival rate was lower than the previous studies. Conclusion: The incidence of Ewing sarcoma is more then osteosarcoma in West Azerbaijan. In our study there were no statistically important differences in survival rates of patients with metastasis at diagnosis time and those without metastasis.

Background: Drug allergy is a subtype of Adverse Drug Reaction (ADR) mediated by the immunologic system. Extreme drug allergy is poorly known in children that contribute to hospitalization in our region. Objectives: This research aimed to study major drug hypersensitivity reactions in the north of Iran among the hospitalized children. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted at Bou Ali Sina Hospital in the north of Iran. We analyzed the medical files of 140 children admitted to the hospital with drug allergies from 2014 to 2018. The inclusion criteria were based on the DRESS (drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms) scoring system, and those who scored more than four were enrolled. Patients with incomplete medical charts were excluded. The sampling methodology was based on the consecutive census method. Results: In the current study, 62 patients were females (44.29%), and 78 were males (55.71%). Ninety-six cases (68.57%) were children under five, and 44 cases (31.43%) were over five years old. Most ADRs were seen in patients from urban areas (58.57%) than in rural areas (41.43%). In 116 children (82.6%), maculopapular rashes were seen. Phenobarbital and cefalexin had the highest levels of drug reactions, including 85 persons (55.19%) and 18 persons (11.69%), respectively. Pruritus, fever, and scaling were the most common symptoms observed in the patients. The most commonly used treatment was antihistamines. Conclusions: The most causative medication inducing ADR was phenobarbital. The maculopapular rash was the most common skin manifestation, and there were no relationships between sex, age, medication type, and type of hypersensitivity reactions.