Background: HIV has been recognized as an important problem in prisons because of the common practice of needle sharing and unsafe sex. Assessment of knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) apropos HIV/AIDS in prisons is needed to devise educational programs. Objectives: This research was performed to assess KAP regarding HIV/AIDS transmission and prevention among Bushehr Prison inmates.
Patients and Methods:This analytical cross-sectional study was conducted between 2009 and 2010 among 800 inmates in Bushehr Prison. Convenience sampling was utilized, and the inclusion criteria comprised Iranian nationality, ability to speak or read and write in Farsi, and a prison stay for at least 2 months before entering the study. The data collection tool was a self-designed questionnaire, consisting of close-ended questions in 4 sections: demographic information, 36 questions on knowledge (total score ranging from 0 to 36), 20 questions on attitude (total score ranging from 0 to 40), and 7 questions on practice. Content validity was confirmed by using subject matter experts. Reliability was confirmed via a pilot study and Cronbach's α method. The α coefficients were between 0.75 and 0.95 for the different sections. The data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. Results: The mean score of HIV/AIDS knowledge in the male and female inmates was 23.84 ± 4.70 and 21.35 ± 6.28, respectively (P < 0.001). The mean score of HIV/AIDS attitude among the men and women was 26.6 ± 5.4 and 24.48 ± 7.6, correspondingly (P < 0.001). Additionally, 63.3% of the male and 57.3% of the female inmates had read about HIV/AIDS (P = 0.20), 4% of the men and 11.3% of the women had tattooing in prison, and 28.5% of the men and 32.5% of the women had participated in HIV/AIDS prevention classes (P = 0.29). Conclusions: Comprehensive programs on HIV/AIDS education and counseling are needed to improve KAP apropos HIV risk factors and reduce risk behavior among prison inmates, especially women.
In [H. Rashidi, A. Golchin and H. Mohammadzadeh saany, On [Formula: see text]-flat acts, Categ. Gen. Algebr. Struct. Appl. 12(1) (2020) 175–197], the study of [Formula: see text]-flatness property of right acts [Formula: see text] over a monoid [Formula: see text] that can be described by means of when the functor [Formula: see text]-preserves some pullbacks is initiated. In this paper, we extend these results to [Formula: see text]-posets and present equivalent description of [Formula: see text]-po-flatness of [Formula: see text]-posets. We show that [Formula: see text]-flatness does not imply torsion freeness in [Formula: see text]-posets and give some general properties and a characterization of pomonoids for which some other properties of their posets imply this condition.
In this article, we present GP W-flatness property of acts over monoids, which is a generalization of principal weak flatness. We say that a right S-act AS is GP W-flat if for every s ∈ S, there exists a natural number n = n (s,A S) ∈ N such that the functor AS ⊗ S − preserves the embedding of the principal left ideal S (Ss n) into S S. We show that a right S-act AS is GP W-flat if and only if for every s ∈ S there exists a natural number n = n (s,A S) ∈ N such that the corresponding ϕ is surjective for the pullback diagram P (Ss n , Ss n , ι, ι, S), where ι : S (Ss n) → S S is a monomorphism of left S-acts. Also we give some general properties and a characterization of monoids for which this condition of their acts implies some other properties and vice versa.
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