Inappropriate auditory stimulants lead to neonatal stress and changes in physiological parameters. Nowadays, particular emphasis is placed on the developmental aspects of the care of preterm infants. The lullaby is a suitable auditory stimulus for preterm infants, which as a subtype of developmental care decreases stress responses. This study investigates the effects of lullabies in the mothers' own voices on preterm infants' physiological parameters. Materials and Methods:This single group study is a randomized clinical trial. Forty study-qualified hospitalized infants were included in the study, during a lullaby stage and a non-lullaby stage. Their physiological parameters including respiratory rate, heart rate and oxygen saturation level were recorded. Their mothers' lullabies were played for them during the lullaby stage. No intervention was performed in the non-lullaby stage and only the infants' variables were recorded. Infants were assessed for four successive days, two days for each stage. Data was collected and recorded every 2 minute. Data was statistically analysed after gathering and entering into the SPSS.22 by means of Friedman's and paired sample t-test.Results: In this study of 40 case studies, 45% were female and 55% were male, with an average gestational age of new-borns of 32.43 weeks and mean birth weight of 2,189.36 gr. In the intervention group, during the time that the lullaby was played, mean rates of heart beat were significantly decreased (p=0.03) and SaO 2 was increased (p=0.039), which were significantly different from their base recorded levels at the beginning and those of the control stage, but there was no significant difference between two stages in the mean of respiratory rates (p=0.070). Conclusion:Since a mother's lullaby has significant effects on physiological parameters, we hope that nurses will tell mothers to use the lullaby as a supportive developmental care for infants to assist improving the physiological state of preterm new-borns.
Medical personnel such as those working in emergency medical systems are in direct contact with the patient or the injured and are exposed to workplace violence. This study aimed to determine workplace violence against prehospital paramedical personnel and factors related to this type of violence in Iran. The cross-sectional study was conducted in 72 prehospital emergency centers affiliated with Kerman University of Medical Sciences in 2019. Using a researcher-made questionnaire, we assessed workplace violence and factors associated with this type of violence in prehospital paramedical personnel with a census method ( N = 308). Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics including mean and standard deviation ( SD), frequency, percentage, and analytic statistics, such as the Kolmogorov–Smirnov, ANOVA, t test, and multiple linear regression tests. The results of this study showed that the most frequent types of workplace violence were verbal violence (47%), physical violence (32.50%), cultural violence (16%), and no violence (4.50%), respectively. From the perspective of paramedical personnel, the total mean score of workplace violence was at a moderate level (52.19 ± 10.72). The most important factors affecting workplace violence from the perspective of paramedical personnel were “lack of awareness of people about the duties of emergency medical personnel” and “lack of specialists in prehospital (city or road) bases.” Majority of the paramedical personnel believed that “no reaction and observance of patients and their families’ rights” were the most important types of reactions. They also believed that violence was normal at the workplace and should not be considered in emergency medical services. Results suggest that national and local policies in Iran should provide prehospital paramedical personnel with various training courses about how to decrease the rate of workplace violence, promote public health, and decrease their psychological stresses and occupational burnout.
Background: Gastric residual is a common problem in preterm infants. Position after feeding affects the gastric residuals in preterm infants. This study aims to determine the effect of changing the infant's position on gastric residuals. Method: This study was conducted a cross-over study in a level III neonatal intensive care unit. Gavage of the neonates was conducted in two stages. The first stage was conducted with a volume feeding of 50 cc per kg every day of milk and the second stage was done with a volume feeding of 100 cc per kg every day. After feeding, infants were placed in the desired position (prone) for 180 minutes and the gastric residuals were measured and recorded. Half of the neonates considered as control group. Data were analyzed by independent-samples paired t-test, Mc Namara's test, and Original Research Article
Background: The aim of this study was to assess the effect of massage on oxygen saturation of infants with respiratory distress syndrome (tactile and kinesthetic stimulation). These infants have immature systems to cooperate with stressors. Massage is one of the best-known methods of supplemental care and there is no adequate evidence to support the claim that infants with complex medical conditions how response to massage. Methods: This study was a quasi-experimental study with before and after design that conducted on 45 preterm infants who were admitted in neonatal intensive care unit. The subjects received massage 15 min per day for five days by using Field massage technique. Respiratory rate, oxygen saturation and heart rate were measured 5 min before and after massage. The data were analyzed using a mixed model.
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