Burn wound is damaged tissue caused by contact with a heat source which causes infection, so needed some drug for this burn wound. Ointment is a pharmaceutical dosage form used on the skin which is intended for topical effect. In African leaves or Vernonia amygdalina which has many chemical contents and useful effects. This study aimed to test the quality preparation of ointments made from African leaves ethanol extract with hydrocarbon and absorption and its effect on burn wound in rabbits in order to find out effective ointment base for burn wound. The procedures applied were to dry the samples and extract them by maceration. After that, the samples were soaked using ethanol and diaterbath to obtain their thick extract. Later, the base ointment was mixed with thick extract using hot mortar, and tested for its physical properties and effectiveness of burn wound. The results showed that the hydrocarbon and absorbtion ointment base has good quality except for absorption’s poor distribution capacity due to its small dispersive power. African leaves extract ointment with hydrocarbon base and absorption has good quality preparations except for the absorption base’ dispersion power for due to its small dispersive power. To conclude, this study proves that the African leaf extract ointment with hydrocarbon base is very effective for burn wound healing. Key Words: African Leaves, Burn Wound, Ointment. ABSTRAKLuka bakar merupakan rusaknya jaringan yang disebabkan kontak dengan sumber panas yang dapat menimbulkan infeksi, maka dari itu dibutuhkan sediaan yang dapat menangani luka bakar tersebut. Sediaan salep merupakan bentuk sediaan farmasi yang digunakan pada kulit yang dimaksudkan untuk efek topikal. Pada daun Afrika (Vernonia amygdalina) dapat ditemukan banyak kandungan kimia dan efek yang baik juga. Pada penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji salep ekstrak etanol daun Afrika dengan basis hidrokarbon dan absorbsi terhadap sediaan mutu dan juga terhadap luka bakar pada kelinci kemudian menemukan basis salep yang efektif untuk luka bakar. Sampel dikeringkan dan diekstraksi secara maserasi dan direndam menggunakan etanol dan diwaterbath untuk mendapatkan ekstrak kental, bahan basis salep dicampurkan dengan ekstrak kental menggunakan mortar panas, diuji sifat fisik dan efektifitas terhadap luka bakar. Basis hidrokarbon sangat efektif untuk luka bakar. Untuk basis hidrokarbon bersifat melunakkan lapisan kulit karena occlusive sehingga akan meningkatkan hidratasi kulit dengan menghambat penguapan air pada lapisan kulit, akibat hidratasi lapisan kulit, mungkin juga akan meningkatkan aktivitas obat. Absorbsi menunjukkan kemampuan basis dalam menyerap air, bukan kemampuan obat diabsorpsi oleh kulit. Salep ekstrak daun Afrika dengan basis hidrokarbon dan absorbsi memiliki sediaan mutu yang baik kecuali pada bagian daya sebar untuk basis absorbsi karena memiliki hasil daya sebar yang kecil, basis hidrokarbon salep ekstrak daun Afrika sangat efektif terhadap penyembuhan luka bakar. Kata Kunci: Daun Afrika, Luka Bakar, Salep.
Many ornamental plant growing in tropical and subtropical regions one is Hibiscus which is a native plant from East Asia. Conditioner is one of semi solid preparation used to hair after using shampoo. The porpose of the research is getting formulation hair conditioner from Hibiscus with various concentration. This research is a descriptive analytic in the laboratory. Conditioner making with mix oil phase and melted water. The indrediens to be use are dimethicone, sethyl alcohol, stearic acid, TEA, glycerin, methyl paraben, propyl paraben and aquadest. Physical stability tests carried out were organoleptic test, homogeneity test, pH test and cream type test with various concentrations of hibiscus leaf mucus which were 15%, 20%, 25% and 30%, and as a comparison were the formulations of conditioner preparations without using hibiscus mucus . The results showed that the manufacture of conditioner with variations in the concentration of mucilage of hibiscus leaves (Hibiscus rosa-sinensis L.) and physical stability testing on formula 4 shows stable and softer textured results. The conclusion obtained is that formulas 1, 2, 3 and 4 have met the requirements of semi-solid preparations.
Turi (Sesbania grandiflora L) is native to Southeast Asia. This plant is used as a medicinal plant and also a vegetable. Turi (Sesbania grandiflora L) is a plant that is efficacious for the treatment of various diseases such as analgesic, antipyretic, diuretic and laxative. The purpose of this study was to identify the content of secondary metabolites in turi leaf extract extracted with ethanol, ethyl acetate and n-hexane as solvents. This research was conducted in two stages, namely extraction by maceration method using ethanol, ethyl acetate and n-hexane as solvents. And the identification stage of secondary metabolites consisting of identification of alkaloids, steroids, terpenoids, saponins and flavonoids. The results showed that the positive ethanol and ethyl acetate extracts contained flavonoids, saponins, terpenoids and steroids, while the negative n-hexane extract contained secondary metabolites.
Tanaman Kayu Kambing Garuga floribunda,Decne merupakan tanaman yang banyak terdapat di wilayah Sulawesi Utara yang belum banyak diteliti. Penelusuran metabolit sekunder daun tanaman kayu kambing menggunakan metode maserasi dengan etanol 70% . Kemudian dipartisi dengan menggunakan n-heksan. Ekstrak yang diperoleh pada fase etanol dan n-heksan kemudian diuji metabolit sekunder dan antibakterinya dengan menggunakan bakteri Eschericia coli dan Staphylococcus aureus. Metabolit sekunder fase etanol diperoleh hasil positif pada senyawa metabolit sekunder Alkaloid, Saponin, Flavonoid, Steroid dan Tanin sedangkan fase n-heksan hasil positif pada Alkaloid dan Steroid. Aktivitas antibakteri pada E.coli memberikan zona hambat rata-rata 8,7 mm, pada Staphylococcus aureus zona hambat terbesar rata-rata 10,2 mm.
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