The fatigue that is observed in patients who are undergoing dialysis is usually associated with an impaired quality of life. The present cross-sectional study was conducted from January to April 2009 in three hemodialysis units in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. In this study, the Multidimensional Fatigue Inventory and Depression Anxiety and Stress Score 21 were used to determine the level of fatigue, depression, anxiety, and stress of patients who were undergoing dialysis. The data were obtained from a calculated sample of 116 and a total of 103 respondents participated in the study. A total of 56 (54.4%) and 47 (45.6%) respondents experienced a high level and a low level of fatigue, respectively. There was a significant relationship between the duration of treatment and the level of fatigue. The respondents who had been receiving treatment for > 2 years experienced more fatigue, compared to the respondents who had been undergoing hemodialysis for > 2 years. There was a significant difference in relation to the age of the participants regarding the level of fatigue. No significant relationship between the sex of the participants, anemia, depression, anxiety, stress, and the level of fatigue was observed. Special attention needs to be paid to both the younger and older adults who are receiving treatment. In addition, proper planning is needed for the patients regarding their daily activities in order to reduce fatigue. Nurses who work in hemodialysis units are recommended to provide exercise classes or group therapy in order to boost the energy levels among patients who are undergoing dialysis. Health professionals should provide appropriate treatment for patients who are experiencing fatigue in order to prevent any other complications that could arise.

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The World Health Organization (WHO, 2006) estimates that the world's current 59 million healthcare workers represent a shortage of 4.3 million workers. This problem is particularly significant in Canada and the United States (US). The Canadian Nurses Association (CNA, 2009) suggests that, if Canadians' health needs continue along the same path, there could be a dearth of almost 60,000 registered nurses by 2022. The Canadian Institute for Health Information (2015) reported that the number of regulated nurses declined by 0.3% between 2013 and 2014. As of 2012, it was predicted that 64% of Canada's employed nurses could retire within the next 15 years at age 55, while in the United States, the Bureau of Labor Statistics (2012) predicted that 11 million additional nurses will need to be added to the workforce to avoid projected shortages. These countries are struggling to educate enough nurses within their borders and are offsetting their shortages through the immigration of internationally educated nurses, primarily from developing countries. In Canada, for example, such applicants to regulatory

Introduction: Teaching strategies for nursing students need to be varied to prepare them for their future practice, and to increase their confidence levels in order to ensure that they deliver high quality care to patients. Interprofessional learning (IPL) is a way to develop health professional teams in that it facilitates collaboration by having health professional students learn with, from and about each other's roles and responsibilities in the provision of patient care. At present, nurses are unable to learn together with other health professional students during their clinical posting, because of professional barriers. Objective: To explore nursing students' knowledge and perception of interprofessional learning. Authors developed a grading system named the Discrepancy-Agreement. Method: This paper presents the results of a focus group discussion with nursing students (n= 8). A semi structured guide was used that focused on knowledge, experiences and benefit related to IPL. Result: Data were analysed, from which four major themes emerged: 1) Learning with, from and about other health professionals; 2) Communication skills; 3) Teamwork; and 4) Preparation of future practice Conclusion: The results of this study suggest IPL as an educational strategy should be introduced to nursing students in order to extend their understanding of the roles and responsibilities of other health professionals and to provide them with opportunities to work collaboratively with other health professionals.