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Background:In different studies, the prevalence of tobacco consumption has been growing in high schools boys.Objectives:This study was conducted to determine the prevalence of smoking and its related factors among Iranian high school students in 2011.Materials and Methods:In this cross-sectional study, 450 male students from 15 high schools of Shahroud (northeast of Iran) were selected for evaluation of the knowledge, attitude and practices (KAP) of students regarding tobacco consumption. Results:Overall, 51% (95% CI: 46.5 - 55.7) of the students had positive history of smoking for at least one time and 7.1% (95% CI: 5 - 10) of them were current smokers. The most prevalent source of information about smoking was TV and radio programs (48%) and friends were the second source (22%). Based on the students’ opinions, entertainment and smoker friends were the most important reasons for smoking tendency. There was significant statistical association between students smoking and positive family history of smoking (P value < 0.05).Conclusions:The prevalence of smoking experince was very high among high school students. The most prevalent source of information about smoking was Iranian broadcasting companies. Positive family history of smoking and smoker friends were the important motivating factors toward smoking.

Background: Diabetes is among the prevalent chronic non-communicable diseases, which in recent decades has dragged much attentions toward improving care of patients in Iran. Objectives: The current study aimed to compare the health-promoting lifestyle of patients with and without diabetes. Methods: In the current study, 150 patients with diabetes and 150 patients without diabetes referred to the Imam Hossein subspecialty Clinic in Shahroud in 2014 were enrolled. Data collection tools included a 52-item lifestyle questionnaire and a 22-item nutritional behavior and dietary habits questionnaire. Data were analyzed using ANOVA and conditional multiple logistic regression. Results: The mean score of nutritional behavior in patients with and without diabetes were 20.9 ± 3.9 and 19.9 ± 4.1, respectively. Over 75% of the patients with diabetes had not passed the training course. The results of multivariate model showed the odds of having diabetes in people with obesity was 2.6 times more than that of the people with normal weight. Interpersonal relationship, stress management, physical activity and nutrition scores in patients with diabetes were significantly lower than those of the patients without diabetes (P < 0.05). Negative relationship was observed between physical activity and diabetes (odds ratio (OR) = 0.916; 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.850-0.987). Conclusions: Patients with diabetes need more attention and care to manage diabetes to change their lifestyle to adjust with their conditions. Stress management, improved interpersonal relationships, physical activity and diet in this group can have a role to control the disease.

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