The betacyanin pigment extracted from the dragon fruit peel has a potential to be a natural dye as an alternative to replace the synthetic dyes. To investigate the dyeability of spun silk with betacyanin pigment, the adsorption isotherm models were performed. The equilibrium adsorption data were analyzed using the Langmuir, Freundlich, and Temkin isotherm models. In order to determine the best-fit isotherm for each system, three error analysis methods were used to evaluate the data, namely the sum of the squares of the errors, residual root mean square error and chi-square test. On the basis of low three error analysis and high correlation of determination, it was found that the Langmuir isotherm model fitted well with the experimental data. Therefore, it can be concluded that the adsorption process of betacyanin pigment onto the spun silk followed the Langmuir isotherm model. Moreover, the adsorption features of the experimental system might be caused by the monolayer adsorption.
The prior motivation of this research study is to determine the ideal condition for dyeing process of spun silk yarn with natural dye extracted from dragon fruit peel using a central composite design. The peel of dragon fruit is contained betacyanin pigment can be utilized to be a natural dye which normally the peel of dragon fruit was discarded as a waste. As the betacyanin pigment was considered to be a newest red dye color in textileapplication, it is necessary to determine the optimal value for its specific dyeing process. In this experiment, natural dye was extracted from dragon fruit peel using water extraction with the acidified water as a medium. The natural dye was then applied onto the spun silk yarn at different dyeing time (60 – 90 min), pH (3 – 5) and dye concentration (100 –120 g/L). The dye-uptake of natural dye was measured using UV-Vis spectrophotometer. The result of dye-uptake percentage was employed using analysis of variance (ANOVA). By ANOVA, the dyeing condition was determined as pH of 2, dyeing time of 95 min and the dye concentration of 110 g/L which is generated from the mathematical model. Using the ideal condition, the dye uptake percentage was determined to be 51.58% to a desirability value of 0.995. So, it is concluded that dyeing condition for the optimal value of dyeing uptake exhaustion of betacyanin pigment onto the spun silk can be determined using CCD.
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