The traditional cade oil, the "Katran", which has been widely used for long time in the decoration of drinking ceramic pottery items produced in Morocco, it has been used also during this work, for its antibacterial and deworming effects, in the manufacture of anti-biofilm drinking water pipeline. The antibacterial effect has been confirmed by adhesion tests and by microscopic observations in SEM. The manufactured pipes have good mechanical properties. Infrared spectroscopy has revealed structural changes of the exposed groups in the surface of pipes. The contact angle allows detection of possible modification in hydrophobicity and acid-base character, which may explain some variability observed after adhesion test.
<p>Phase angle detection of the grid voltage is an imperative part of control in most applications, especially for the synchronization of the current injected by the grid-connected photovoltaic inverters. Consequently, fast and accurate detection of the phase angle, frequency and amplitude of the grid voltage are indispensable data to ensure a correct generation of reference signals and operation of the grid connected inverters. We present in this work a new phase-locked loop (PLL) method for single-phase systems. The novelty is to generate an orthogonal voltage system using a second-order generalized integrator (SOGI), followed by a Park transformation, whose quadrature component is forced to zero by the fuzzy logic, in order to obtain rapid detection and a more accurate picture of the phase angle. Furthermore, simulation results with PSIM software will be submitted to verify the performance and effectiveness of the proposed method strategy. Finally, the experimental test will be used to extract the result and discuss the validity of the proposed algorithm.</p><p> </p>
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