Methotrexate (MTX) is the most important drug used in the treatment of several kinds of cancers, such as colon cancer. However, this drug can cause a reduction in the target tissue bioavailability. It is administered orally and absorbed quickly. This study aimed to produce an anti-colon cancer prodrug based on MTX via loading it into a biopolymer compound. Chitosan (CS) was extracted from scales of local fish by utilizing a previously published protocol. The MTX was then transformed to Methotrexateimidazole and loaded into CS to prepare Chitosan -Methotrexate (CS-MTX) conjugates as colon cancer prodrugs. Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR), UV-visible spectroscopy, and 1 H-NMR were used to analyse the structure of the prepared compounds. The prepared compounds were also tested for hemolytic activity. Chemical stability was studied using 0.2 M from the different buffer types with a pH of 1.2 and 7.4 over different periods about 240 min and kept in an incubator at 37 C. The loading percentage was measured by hydrolysing the amide bond in basic media followed by the measurement of the absorbency at 273 nm. Three types of cancer cells, MCF-7, MDA-MB-231, and MDA-MB-453, were used to test the anticancer effects of CS-MTX by using tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. The results indicated that the viability of human breast cancer cell lines decreased because of the use of CS-MTX. This study also showed that CS-MTX was less toxic than the original drug. Therefore, it may be measured for additional biological analyses and medical applications. The results presented here showed that the new compound is remarkably stable in comparison with MTX and has longer half-life (t ½ ). Therefore, the CS-MTX has promising strategies through minimising the side effects of anti-colon tumour drugs.
Series of new pyrazole derivatives have been successfully synthesized, their purity confirmed by thin-layer chromatography and the chemical structures identified by some spectroscopic techniques like 1H-NMR, APT 13C-NMR and FT-IR. Two synthetic precursors were synthesized: The first compound was 5-Fluoro-2,3,3-trimethyli-3H-indole (1) and the second compound was 2-(5-Fluoro-3,3-idimethyl-1,3dihydro-indoli-2-ylidene)-malonaldehyde (2). The target compounds were obtained from the reaction of compound (2) with different substituted phenylhydrazine hydrochloride. The toxicity of the new synthesized compounds was tested against breast cancer cell lines (MCF-7) and results showed that some cancer cells were killed.
New nanocomposite based on chitosan and acrylamide and silver nanoparticles has been prepared to produce wound dressing has superior properties as Hemostatic and antibacterial activity. Chitosan successfully grafted with acrylamide via free radical copolymerization using potassium persulphate. Four different chitosan grafted acrylamide prepared and fully characterized through nitrogen content and ATR/IR. Cs-g-PAAM partially hydrolyzed at basic condition in presence of silver nitrate in order to prepare Cs-g-PAAm-co-PAAc/Ag nanococomposite. The optimum condition for preparing homogenous and well distributed was examined using grafted polymers were characterized using TEM and UV-vis absorption. Cs:PAAm (1:1) pH 11 and 120 min showed homogenous spherical silver nanoparticles and distributed particles lying at nanosize range between 10-30 nm. SEM-EDX and XRD used to confirm binding silver to chitosan hybrid chains forming newly nanocomposite. Produced composite showed complete solubility at neutral medium condition that qualifies produced composite to be used at different medical and industrial applications.
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