Purpose The purpose of this study set out to introduce an alternative framework for explaining the formation of the innovation ecosystem based on the systematic literature review (SLR) and ecosystemic approach. Design/methodology/approach This paper is an SLR of studies from the year 2008-2018 that investigating startups’ innovation. SLR approach being used exploration, interpretation and communication method, which composed of seven steps as follows exploring topics, searching, organizing, evaluating and expanding, integrating and communicating. The output of this process is 63 documents that applied to synthesize the formation framework. Findings The systematic review of literature has shown that researchers in recent years have considered some entities such as incubators, financials suppliers, accelerators, universities and companies in relation to the startup innovations, which are described in this paper as key actors. The study of the relationship between these actors in the documents led to the identification of interactional necessities, including structures, infrastructures and networks. Finally, the processes studied in the literature were classified into three types of mechanisms, namely, the genesis, growth and development of startups innovations. Research limitations/implications The SLR approach is subject to limitations because some poor explanations amongst previous researchers may be repeated and reinforced. Also, in the protocol adopted in this paper, documents are limited in English. Practical implications The introduced frammework can be useful in identifying and understanding the requirements of startups and creating effective policies for their innovation development. Originality/value This paper reviews, summarizes and integrates the growing and scattered literature of the innovation ecosystem of the startups and delivers new facts for the future development of this field.

Purpose -The main aim of this paper is to study the effects of organizational culture on environmental responsiveness capability (ERC), both directly and through the mediation of knowledge management (KM) in selected Iranian Industrial Research Organizations (IIRO). Furthermore, the effects of four types of organizational culture on ERC and KM in the target population are compared. Design/methodology/approach -Relationships between the ERC, KM and organizational culture are considered using survey data through the structural equation modelling approach. Five-point Likert questionnaire has been used as a tool for measuring variables. The authors sample includes 276 members of 13 selected target organizations whose names are not mentioned due to prior agreement. Findings -Results show that organizational culture has a positive and significant relationship with ERC, both directly and indirectly through the mediation of KM. Additionally, compared with other types of organizational cultures, innovativeness culture has the highest correlation with ERC, both directly and through KM as a mediating variable. Furthermore, cooperativeness culture has a direct significant relationship with ERC, whereas consistency and effectiveness cultures indirectly have significant and positive relationships with ERC through KM. Therefore, results of this research provide appropriate evidence that ERC can be affected directly by innovativeness culture and KM. Originality/value -The advantage of this paper compared to other related research is to study on ERC based on cultural and knowledge-related variables. Hence, it can extend the literature of ERC, and it can be useful for the managers who are dealing with industrial research company.

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