The exergoeconomic analysis is a powerful tool to study an energy system and provide rational decision‐making for it. This paper is aimed at exergoeconomic optimization and sensitivity analysis evaluation of the results of a commercial parabolic trough collector (PTC). First, an analysis of optical, thermal, exergy, and economic equations of the PTC system is presented. Then, the objective function and variables are optimized through MATLAB software using the hybrid algorithm code. The objective function as the exergy loss rate is a combination of exergy loss and system cost. The evaluation of the results has been carried out considering the radiation intensity in different months of the year for Tehran, Iran. The commercial parabolic trough solar collector has been selected as the case study. Sensitivity analysis of exergy loss rate and exergy efficiency was conducted for important variables, namely collector length, the glass cover diameter, the outer diameter of absorber tube, the inner diameter of absorber, the fluid inlet temperature, the receiver aperture width, and fluid flow rate. The obtained results show that the exergy loss rate is 0.1905 kW/$, and the exergy efficiency is equal to 15.2% for the highest direct solar radiation of 674 W/m2.
The results of educational needs assessment are widely used, including in the planning of curriculum, identification of issues and problems of individuals, assessment of comprehensive learning, enhancement and improvement of safety, and providing feedback to the individual or educational interventions in the organization. Therefore, this study was designed to determine the educational needs of nursing students before and after learning. This quasi-experimental study was performed on 65 nursing students in Babol University of Medical Sciences during the first semester of 2016-17. The data gathering tool was a researchermade questionnaire that was designed in two sections: demographic characteristics and educational needs questionnaire. Students were randomly divided into groups of 6-7. The validity of the tool was determined by the content validity method and its reliability was obtained through test-retest. Data were analyzed by descriptive and inferential statistics (t-test, paired t-test, correlation, ANOVA) using SPSS software. The results showed that there is a significant difference between the mean scores of students before and after training (P<0.001). Students have the highest level of ability to communicate with each other, training in the field of familiarity with the principles of serotyping with the best effectiveness, the ability to interpret blood and urine tests, and areas of ability to do certain things such as dressing, blood sampling and the ability to perform various injections were ranked respectively. The most important use of the results of the needs assessment is the development of educational programs for the purposes of the organization. Without a clear vision of the needs, efforts to develop organizational learning will waste valuable resources.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.