Goal of research: determination of key guidelines in the educational, methodological, scientific and organizational work of a university teacher. Research methods. Taking into consideration that the training of tourism specialists is a complex dynamic deterministic regulated system, the research was performed on the basis of a system principle within a structural-functional approach using methods of analysis and synthesis, forecasting, analogy, deduction, systematization and generalization. The results of the research: it is determined that the requirements for the training of specialists in the field of tourism are determined by the situation on the world tourist market, the state of the domestic system of vocational education and the principles of functioning of the professional space. The current situation in tourism, education and in the tourism professional space requires a radical restructuring of the education system. In accordance with the basic principles of didactics, the main questions that need to be answered in the formation of updated educational programs: "Why teach?" (learning purpose, expected result), "Why teach?" (learning content), "How to teach?" (methods, tools, rules and organizational forms of learning), "Where to teach?" (venue), "When to teach?" (determination of time regime and duration), "Who to teach?" and "Who teaches" (system of requirements for students and teachers). It is proved that upon completion of the automation of tourism activities will change the requirements for professional competence of the future specialist in the direction of strengthening emotional intelligence, it involves changing the content of education, the transition from information-rich learning to reflective and transformative. As a result of informatization, the role of the teacher in the educational process changes, which requires the use of other techniques and methods. A pandemic dictates new requirements for the location of classes, etc. A detailed analysis of the situation allowed to establish a list of key elements of the tourism education system that are subject to reform, to determine the essence of these transformations.. Scientific novelty: for the first time the current situation with the training of tourism specialists has been studied on the basis of a systematic approach, and recommendations for its reorganization are developed in accordance with today's challenges. Practical significance: key elements of the tourism education system to be reformed have been identified; the list of questions which need to be answered at the organization of future specialist preparation is offered; guidelines have been set according to which tourism education will develop further. The submitted proposals can be taken into account in the development of educational programs for the training of specialists in other sectors of the economy.
Today, Ukraine is at the center of the world community, politics and the European market, in light of changes in the political, economic and military spheres. Undoubtedly, all this influenced the development of the country’s economy and policy towards the countries of the near and far abroad, including the development of the tourism industry. To characterize the current state of development of domestic and international tourism in Ukraine and served as the main purpose of writing an article. The research of the current state of tourism development in Ukraine was based on the application of a systematic approach using comparative, statistical, analytical methods, etc. The relevance of this study is determined by the clarification of the further direction of tourism development in connection with the deprivation of tourism industry as a priority in 2019, although it is one of the significant sources of filling the state treasury, as well as the impact on the tourist image of Ukraine, an aggressor country during the period of change of power and incomplete reforms. It is established that the tourist image of Ukraine is restored from 2016 due to the victorious participation of Ukrainians in international events, in particular, Eurovision-2017, but it should be noted that the main donor countries are the countries of close foreign countries. Visa tourism has been intensified with Ukraine through visa-free travel and pricing policies for tourist services. For example, when comparing prices with the tourist complex «Bukovel» or «Shayan» cheaper to rest in Poland or Hungary. One of the reasons was revealed: the population’s low awareness of the tourist potential of the country; unreliability of domestic subjects of tourism activity; the lack of security in the places of rest, as well as the war in the east of Ukraine and the annexation of the Crimean peninsula. It was found that the length of stay of Ukrainians abroad depended on the location of the country. The farther the longer, which is associated with the cost of time and money. Also, you should not neglect tourist logistics. After all, almost all flights from Ukraine abroad are sent in the morning. Arriving in the evening, a tourist-Ukrainian is forced to seek a lodging for himself. While in Ukraine, on the contrary, tourists mostly come in the morning or in the afternoon. It should also be noted that the marked decrease in trips abroad is due to the poverty of the Ukrainian population. The main purpose of travel – rest on the warm seas of the seas for the best price and high quality of service for tourists. It is statistically reported that the geography of recipient countries is predominantly close to a foreign country, mainly the CIS countries, while, for example, most of Belarus comes to the EU. The development of domestic tourism, which tends to grow, is estimated. The main factors of its development are the desire of Ukrainians to travel even with a minimal budget. However, it should be noted the predominance of self-organized tourism. The main tourist areas with the predominance of a certain type of tourism were identified, for example Lviv – cultural-cognitive, IvanoFrankivsk and Transcarpathian - active and eventful, Odessa – recreational types of tourism. The tendency of the steady development of tourism in Ukraine due to the development of transport infrastructure, information and communication environment, the election of the European development vector is revealed. In the near future it is expedient: to adjust the Law «On Tourism» in accordance with the EU directives in the tourism sector, as well as to direct the direction for the development of domestic and inbound tourism in Ukraine.
Досліджено динаміку та структуру в'їзного потоку міжнародних туристів до Польщі та чинники, які зумовлюють його висхідну тенденцію. Розкрито передумови, які сприяли тому, що Польща завоювала свою нішу на європейському ринку оздоровчих і лікувальних послуг. Охарактеризовано джерела статистичної інформацій про медичний туризм Польщі. Розкрито проблеми якості та доступності офіційних статистичних даних щодо кількості споживачів послуг медичного туризму. Досліджено мотиви та структуру попиту на послуги медичного туризму в Польщі. Розкрито зміни та небезпеки, з якими стикається кадровий менеджмент виробників послуг медичного туризму. Узагальнено управлінську практику суб'єктів господарювання та суспільних інституцій Польщі, яка націлена на покращення використання медичного потенціалу країни у туристичній сфері. Ключові слова: міжнародний туризм, медичний туризм, статистика туризму, управління змінами. Постановка проблеми Тяжіння рушіїв соціально-економічного прогресу до людини як надважливого ресурсного потенціалу праці, споживання, репродуктивності, креативності, інновативності та інших складових домінантних переваг територіальних суспільних систем сучасності зумовлюють необхідність розширення дослідницької платформи проблематики людського розвитку. Стрижневу роль у системі якісних детермінант потенціалу розвитку людських активів країни відіграє здоров'я її мешканців. Економічна діяльність продуцентів медичних послуг націлена не лише на попередження втрат капіталу здоров'я, а й на суміжні суспільні ефекти, синергетичні впливи яких забезпечують зміцнення конкурентоспроможності територіальних утворень. Проявом сучасної парадигми медичної сфери, яка викристалізувалась на тлі зростання міждержавних потоків носіїв попиту та носіїв пропозиції (у формі людського та матеріального забезпечення) послуг системи охорони здоров'я, став поступ індустрії медичного туризму, синтезуючої діяльність щодо забезпечення комплексу медичних процедур, високоспеціалізованих Медичних
Purpose. The purpose of the article is to improve the theoretical-methodical and applied foundations of human factor research within the framework of anti-crisis management. Design/methodology/approach. The informational and theoretical-methodological base of the conducted research was the works of scientists who are dedicated to the study of anti-crisis management, emergency management, social and humanitarian upheavals, stressful factors, and remote management. Empirical results have been obtained based on official sources of statistical data. To achieve the goal, the article uses a set of scientific methods that ensured the conceptual integrity of the research, in particular: methods of theoretical generalization and abstraction, dynamic modeling, analysis of tables of mutual conjugation, cluster analysis, and regression analysis, tabular method, graphic method, etc. Findings. The article aims at improving the theoretical-methodical and applied foundations of human factor research within the framework of anti-crisis management. It has been noted that the priority of sustainable development takes into account not only the expediency of ensuring progress in all spheres of life but also the need to assess its impact on the security of human civilization, where a person appears not only as the main object but also as a subject of the system of anti-crisis measures. Taking into account the defined goal, several tasks have been set and fulfilled in the work: the scientific basis of the place of the human factor in anti-crisis management was summarized, highlighting its socially positive role; the impact of the pandemic crisis on the labor market and the activation of remote management was analyzed; an evaluation of the impact of the level of innovative development of human potential (LP) on the prevention of economic crisis was carried out. The research hypothesis has been defined: a person can destimulate and stimulate crises; the pandemic crisis caused the activation of stressful conditions in the carriers of LP and the spread of remote management; the innovation of LPs reduces the chances of an economic crisis. Practical implications. The materials presented in the article may be useful for representatives of institutions and scientists whose activities relate to the study of the human factor in the framework of the development of measures in the anti-crisis management system. Originality/value. In the article the authors have summarized the scientific basis of the place of the human factor in anti-crisis management. The socially positive role and place of man in anti-crisis management as an object of protection in crisis conditions have been singled out and have been characterized; destimulator of crises in tactical and strategic dimensions; generator, implementer, and controller of management decisions in crisis situations. The influence of the pandemic crisis on the labor market and on the activation of remote management has been studied. It has been noted that the pandemic crisis caused modern problems related to the methods and tools of remote management. The specifics of remote management have been disclosed; the influence of the level of innovative development of human potential on the prevention of the economic crisis is proven.
Health tourism is a concept as ancient as prehistory and as up-to-date as tomorrow» (К. Ross 1
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