Objectives: To investigate the effectiveness of social skills training program on behavioral problems among children with conduct disorder. Methodology: A quasi-experimental design "pre and post-test design" was utilized. A convenient sample of 30 children diagnosed with conduct disorder was selected. Three tools were used to conduct the current study, Socio-demographic data sheet, Social Skills Questionnaire and Behavioral Problems Questionnaire-Parent Version. Results: The children with conduct disorder exhibited highly improvement in social skills and behavioral problems after participating in social skills training program sessions (P=0.005,0.0001) respectively. After training, total mean scores of behavioral problems decreased from 66.9 to 50.3, social skills increased from 83 to 89. Conclusion: The study concluded that, social skills training program is highly effective in improving behavioral problems among children with conduct disorder. Recommendation: This study recommended that, social skills training programs should be conducted in clinical and non-clinical settings with large sample size included for more confident results and more generalization of results to the community.
Background: Death anxiety or fear of death is universal in all societies, especially among older adults, leading to a submissive attitude towards life with no desire to control. However, it could be alleviated by satisfaction with life. Aim of study: To investigate the relationship between older adults' fear of death/dying and their desirability of control and satisfaction with life. Subjects and methods: This cross-sectional analytic study was conducted in geriatric homes affiliated to the Ministry of Social Solidarity in Beni-Suef city and university hospitals' out-patient clinics on 199 older adults 60-year age or older. Data were collected using an interview questionnaire form with the Desirability of Control, Integrity versus Despair, and Collett-Lester Fear of Death scales, in addition to socio-demographic and health characteristics. Results: Participants' age ranged from 60 to 85 years, 52.3% males, and 44.2% with no education. 64.3% had high desirability of control, 75.9% had resolution in integrity vs despair scores, indicating satisfaction with life. The mean of average fear of death was 3.20 from a maximum of 5.00. Positive correlations were found between the scores of desirability of control and those of integrity-despair resolution score, and with the scores of fear of dying of others and death of self. The desirability of control score was a main positive predictor of the (life satisfaction score) integrity-despair resolution score. Conclusion; Older adults' perceived desirability of control had an influence their fears of death/dying, but this latter is not affected by their satisfaction with life. Recommendations: Social activities could improve older adults` life satisfaction and alleviate their fear anxiety. Encouraging older people to be socially active through community health nursing interventions is recommended.
Background: Therapeutic milieu refers to an environment that is structured to provide patients with the opportunity to interact with staff and other clients. Producing a therapeutic milieu is a basic intervention in mental health nursing practice. Consequently sufficient knowledge and positive attitudes are important aspects of providing nursing care for psychiatric patients within the current social climate. This study aimed to assess knowledge and attitudes of nurses toward the concept of milieu therapy. This study was exploratory descriptive, performed on 100 nurses working with psychiatric patients at El-Abbassia Mental Health hospital. Data were collected using three parties, socio-demographic data, and knowledgeof nurses about the milieu therapy and the attitudes of nurses toward milieu therapy. The results of this study showed that nurses working with psychiatric patients possess a satisfied level of knowledge about the definition and aim of milieu therapy (75%) meanwhile; they have unsatisfying knowledge about activity therapy (52%). However, the studied nurses showed a high level of sympathetic attitudes toward psychiatric patients (74%), the negative attitudes toward milieu therapy was observed in (90%).Based on the results of this study, it can be concluded that the nurses with satisfactory knowledge were more probable to have a positive attitude towards the milieu therapy. The study recommended that in-service education programs should be provided to nurses working with psychiatric patients regarding knowledge about activity therapy and how to promote patient participation.
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