This study aims to identify the factors that affect youth unemployment in emerging countries. For this purpose, 3 dimensions and 12 criteria are selected as a result of literature review. The analysis process has 3 different steps. Firstly, interval-valued intuitionistic fuzzy sets are created with the help of 2-tuple linguistic data. Additionally, relation matrix is generated by considering these fuzzy sets. In the second process, defuzzification process is occurred. Finally, the dimensions and criteria are weighted with Decision-Making Trial and Evaluation Laboratory (DEMATEL) approach by using defuzzified data sets. The findings indicate that economic and social inequalities play the most significant role for youth unemployment in emerging countries. On the other side, it is also identified that economic crisis and insufficient education conditions are also important issues which lead to youth unemployment in these countries. Hence, it is recommended that governments should implement fair tax management practices in these countries to minimize economic and social inequalities. Furthermore, education conditions should be improved in the countries. In this framework, an effective education plan can be designed by cooperating with companies in the industry. Thus, labor needs in industry can be identified and education system can be designed according to the needs in the market. With the help of these implementations, it can be much easier for young people to find a job. INDEX TERMS2-tuple linguistic values, interval-valued intuitionistic fuzzy environment, fuzzy DEMATEL, NEET, emerging economies.

In this study, 16 countries in the MENA region (United Arab Emirates, Bahrain, Djibouti, Algeria, Egypt, Iran, Jordan, Kuwait, Lebanon, Morocco, Malta, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Tunisia, and Yemen) were included to the sample and was analyzed, by using a panel data method Pedroni Cointegration test, that relationship between “health expenditures” and “life expectancy at birth” in 2000-2016 period these countries. As a result of the analysis, there was no relationship between health expenditures and life expectancy at birth. Although health expenditures do not have a direct impact on life expectancy at birth, If the MENA region countries take needed measures (such as; to attach importance to institutionalization and functionality in health, focusing on disadvantaged groups, and to encourage investments of hospital and personnel), the inequalities in health outcomes would be reduced.

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The purpose of this study is to identify the most significant issues to handle brain drains to provide sustainability in emerging economies. In this framework, a new model has been created that consists of two different stages for this situation. Firstly, necessary criteria are identified based on the key items of the balanced scorecard approach. These factors are weighted by using a bipolar q-rung orthopair fuzzy multi stepwise weight assessment ratio analysis (BOFQ M-SWARA) approach with golden ratio. Next, seven emerging economies are ranked with respect to their performance in decreasing brain drains by BOFQ, the elimination and choice of translating reality (ELECTRE) with the golden ratio. An evaluation is also carried out with intuitionistic fuzzy sets (IFSs) and Pythagorean fuzzy sets (PFSs) to test the validity of the findings. The results are similar for all different fuzzy sets, which indicates that the findings are quite coherent and reliable. The most important factor in reducing brain drain has been identified as technical competency. It would be appropriate for countries to provide tax exemptions for research and development studies. This situation can easily attract the attention of companies, as it will contribute to the reduction of costs. Thus, it will be easier to provide technological innovations in the country in the future. Thanks to technological development, it is possible to increase the productivity of enterprises in the country. In this way, the brain drain problem can be minimized as qualified personnel stay in the country. With the high number of qualified people in the country, it will be possible to produce eco-innovative products and develop clean energy technology. Due to this issue, sustainability can be provided in the economic development of emerging economies.