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regresyon yöntemleriyle analiz yapılmıştır. Çalışmanın temel bulguları: (i) en yüksek ücrete sahip %10'luk dilim ile en düşük ücretli %10'luk dilim arasındaki ücret farkı (90-10 oranı) azalmıştır, (ii) asgari ücrette yaşanan artışlar alt gelir gruplarının gelirlerini üst gelir gruplarına yaklaştırmıştır, (iii) üniversite eğitimindeki niceliksel artışlar üniversite eğitiminin ücretler üzerindeki etkisini azaltmaya başlamıştır. Son bulgu, Türkiye'de üniversite mezunları açısından son yıllarda nicelik konusunda çok önemli artışlar olmasına karşın, nitelik konusunda önemli sorunların varlığına işaret etmektedir. Ayrıca eğitimli işgücü talebindeki artış, işgücü arzının gerisinde kalmış ve bu durum üniversite mezunlarının ücretleri üzerinde negatif bir baskıyı beraberinde getirmiştir. Çalışmanın bulguları Türkiye ekonomisinde yapısal dönüşüme yönelik geliştirilecek politikalar açısından oldukça önemlidir.

Purpose This study aims to analyze the wage differentials of the majors in college education in Turkey, which is a country implementing an ongoing expansion in college education in recent years. Design/methodology/approach The study implements Mincreian wage regression using ordinary least squares, Heckman two-step estimation and quantile regression with sample selection correction by using household labor force surveys of TurkStat from the years 2014–2017. Findings The findings indicate one of the highest heterogeneity, close to 0.50 log points, between majors in the literature. The within-heterogeneity created by majors is highest among the graduates of social-behavioral sciences, law, biology, physics, mathematics, statistics, computer, engineering and manufacturing, as shown by a 90–10 difference, which is almost 700% for some of these majors. This study shows that the natural science and technical majors that are expected to be more productive and to be paid more fall behind in the wage distribution. Research limitations/implications Estimation results show that natural science majors, except for subjects allied to medicine and engineering, are paid lower than law and service-sector-related majors. This indicates that the predictions of the skill-biased technical change hypothesis are not valid in the wage profiles in Turkey and that some majors supply more than the sectoral needs. This casts doubts on the effectiveness of the ongoing higher education expansion process of the country. Originality/value This study contributes to the literature on wage differentials of college majors, an area with limited studies. This is the first study analyzing wage differentials of the field of studies by correcting sample selection bias for the Turkish case.

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This article aims to reveal the characteristics of the relationship between education and income distribution in Turkey. Additionally, it examines the role of gender pay gaps in this relationship. In the study, Heckman's two-stage estimation and quantile regression methods were applied by using the data from the Household Labor Force survey of 2017 of TURKSTAT. According to the results of the Heckman two-stage estimation method, increases in education level increase the wage income of women faster than men. According to the quantile regression method, the effect of education on wages is greater for males in low earning segments and higher for females in high earning segments. The results of the study show that increasing the education level of women is the shortest way to reach a higher level of income distribution equality.