Most of the RC buildings in Turkey have reached the end of their economic lifespan, so urban transformation studies have been accelerated in recent years. Considering the fact that these buildings do not meet the construction regulations and have structural defects in terms of earthquake resistance is concluded the necessity of renewal of this building stock. For this reason, it is needed to study the explosive based demolition technique, which have been widely used in the future in Turkey. The aim of this study is to analyze the structural behavior of buildings planed for demolition by using explosive materials and demonstrating the effect of structural faults on the demolition process. In this context, the effect of structural defects on structural behavior is investigated under explosive based demolition for a typical RC framed building model. Within the scope of the study, it is aimed to investigate the effects of design errors frequently encountered in reinforced concrete structures during the demolition of the building using explosives. The main objective of the study is to determine the effects of design errors, which may be present in the building on important results such as demolition of reinforced concrete structures that are planned to be demolished in two different types using an explosive inside or towards a selected direction, distribution of the parts scattered after demolition and the demolition time. In this way, it is aimed to prevent accidents or unwanted demolition patterns that may occur in demolition works of reinforced concrete structures with design errors. A 12‐storey square building in plan with 6x6 axles (5 m axle opening) is selected as a structural system. The selected structure has been designed with Ide Static Structural Analysis Program. The same structure is also modeled with extreme loading for structures (ELS) program for low concrete strengths, reinforcement defects, and locally located structural defects considering inside and side demolition used explosives. All building models have been subjected to the same blast planning. It is observed that reduced the concrete strength and reinforcement faults shorten the time of destruction of buildings scheduled for demolition by using explosive materials and all the structural defects effect the debris affecting area. It is generally concluded that, all the structural defects are affective on the structural behavior of buildings under explosive based demolition.
BackgroundPressurized metered‐dose inhalers (pMDIs) used with spacers are considered the method of choice for delivery of inhaled drugs in preschool‐age children. The aim of this study was to determine the effects of modifying the visual inhaler spacer usage guidelines on the correct usage rate.MethodsThe parents and caregivers of patients <6 years old who were prescribed inhalers with spacers for the first time were included in our study. The participants were randomly divided into a modified visual inhaler spacer usage guidelines group and an unmodified visual inhaler spacer usage guidelines group. All study participants underwent face‐to‐face interviews and completed questionnaires.ResultsA total of 510 participants with a median age of 31 (range, 20‐46) years were included in this study. The modified visual guidelines group included 254 (49.6%) participants, and the unmodified visual guidelines group included 256 (50.4%) participants. One hundred sixty‐five (65.2%) of the 254 participants in the modified visual guidelines group correctly demonstrated the inhaler spacer technique. In contrast, only 21 (8.2%) of the 256 participants in the unmodified visual guidelines group correctly demonstrated the inhaler spacer technique (p < 0.001). When comparing the inhaler spacer usage steps between the 2 groups, the modified visual guidelines group demonstrated the steps more correctly and more quickly (p < 0.001).ConclusionThe current visual inhaler spacer usage guidelines are insufficient. We believe that improving the visual inhaler spacer usage guidelines, in particular, will increase the correct usage rate and decrease the number of usage errors.
Türkiye'de son yıllarda kentsel dönüşüm çalışmaları hız kazanmıştır. Yapı stokunun yenilenmesi gerekliliğinin ortaya çıkmasında; mevcut betonarme binaların kullanım ömürlerinin dolması, yapım yönetmeliklerini karşılamaması ile depreme karşı yapısal hatalar içermeleri etkili olmuştur. Bu nedenle, ülkemizde uygulamasının zamanla artacağı düşünülen patlatma ile yıkım tekniği üzerine çalışma yapılması ihtiyacı bulunmaktadır. Bu çalışmada, patlayıcı kullanılarak yıkılması planlanan binaların yapısal davranışının analizi ve yıkım sürecine beton dayanımından kaynaklanan yapısal hataların etkisinin ortaya konulması amaçlanmıştır. Bu kapsamda tipik özelliklere sahip betonarme bir yapı modeli üzerinde patlayıcı ile içe yıkım planlaması durumunda yapısal hataların yapı davranışına etkisi incelenmiştir. Tip yapı olarak 12 katlı 5 m aks açıklığı olan 6x6 aks özellikli kare bir bina seçilmiştir. Seçilen yapı Ide Statik programı ile projelendirilmiştir. Aynı yapı ayrıca beton dayanımı C30 (proje değeri), C20 ve C10 (düşük beton dayanımı) dikkate alınarak Extreme Loading for Structures (ELS) programı ile modellenmiştir. Her üç yapı modeli üzerinde aynı patlatma planlaması yapılmıştır. Yapılan analizler sonucunda beton dayanımındaki değişimin patlayıcı ile yapı yıkımında yapısal davranış üzerinde etkili olduğu görülmüştür.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.