in 4 regions, and consequently, in 15 regions telepsychiatry services were reimbursed at the same rate (or higher) than in-person consultations during the COVID-19 pandemic. Conclusions Our results confirm that, due to COVID-19, the majority of countries surveyed are altering telemedicine regulations that had previously restricted the spread of telemedicine. These findings provide information that could guide future policy and regulatory decisions, that facilitate greater scale and spread of telepsychiatry globally.

& Our aim was to assess the association between lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) and erectile dysfunction by means of International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS) and Sexual Health Inventory for Men (SHIM) questionnaire. A total of 69 eligible patients who were admitted to our outpatient clinic with lower urinary tract symptoms were included in the study. A self administered questionnaire of IPSS and SHIM were given to patients. Demographics and medical history data were recorded. Any risk factor that may be associated with erectile dysfunction, including coronary artery disease, diabetes, hypertension, and smoking status, was determined in each patient. Correlation tests were used to examine the relationship between lower urinary tract symptoms and erectile dysfunction by controlling the effects of age and comorbidities. Mean age was 58.6 AE 13.1 31-86 years. Mean SHIM and IPSS total score was 14.3 AE 7.5 and 11.5 AE 8.1, respectively. Spearman correlation coefficient between IPSS and SHIM scores was found to be À0.41. There was a significant negative correlation with IPSS total scores of moderate degree when both age and presence of risk factor was controlled (r ¼ À0.31; p ¼ 0.009). Storage symptom scores showed significant correlation with SHIM scores (r ¼ À0.33; p ¼ 0.000). The association between SHIM score and each item of IPSS showed significant correlation for urgency, straining and nocturia when age controlled. The degree of bother by LUTS as determined by the IPSS quality of life question was also correlated with SHIM scores; however, this correlation was not significant when age or risk factor for ED was controlled. The presence of LUTS especially storage symptoms is strongly associated with erectile dysfunction independent of age and comorbidities.

Tardive dyskinesia (TD) usually appears after years of antipsychotic drug use and appears to be related to the total lifetime medication dose. In withdrawal-emergent dyskinesia (WE-D), which is considered to be a subtype of TD, dyskinetic symptoms often appear shortly after a rapid reduction in antipsychotic drug dose or sudden discontinuation of the drug. Supersensitivity psychosis, which is frequently observed along with TD and is considered to have a similar etiology as TD, is a psychotic relapse phenomenon that occurs after the withdrawal of an antipsychotic drug or a rapid reduction in the drug dosage. In general, atypical antipsychotics tend to be associated with less propensity to cause TD when compared with typical antipsychotics. Furthermore, olanzapine and clozapine may have a therapeutic potential in improving or totally curing TD. In this study, a case of WE-D because of discontinuing olanzapine use and supersensitivity psychosis is discussed.

Background The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship of addictive use of social media (AUSM) with depressive symptoms, perceived social support and demographic variables among people aged 65 years and older. Methods People aged 65 years and older who use social media constituted the study sample. The data were obtained from social networking sites via Google survey link. Bergen social media addiction scale (BSMAS) for determining AUSM, Multidimensional Scale of Social Support for determining social support, Geriatric Depression Scale to identify depressive symptoms and sociodemographic data form were administered to the participants. Results The mean age of the sample was 68.86 ± 2.0 years. AUSM showed significant differences depending on gender, marital status, economic status, educational level, settlement, occupation, and time spent in social media (P = 0.00). AUSM had correlations with both sub‐dimensions of perceived social support and depressive symptoms (P < 0.01). In the regression analysis, it was found that the depressive symptoms, social support from family (P = 0.00) and from a significant other (P = 0.001) had significant effects on AUSM. Conclusions When evaluating elderly individuals with depressive symptoms, it is important to evaluate these individuals in terms of social media addiction. Interventions to improve social support systems, especially for older people with little perceived social support can help prevent the development of AUSM.

The relationship of childhood trauma, dissociative experiences and depression with pain in female patients with fibromyalgia: a cross-sectional studyObjective: The aim of this study was to investigate childhood trauma (CT) and dissociative symptoms in patients with fibromyalgia and evaluate the relationship of these characteristics with pain intensity. Methods: Forty patients followed up with fibromyalgia diagnosis in the physical therapy and rehabilitation outpatient clinic; and as a control group, 38 healthy individuals who have similar age, gender, and educational status, were included in the study. A sociodemographic and clinical data form, Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ), Dissociative Experiences Scale (DES), Somatoform Dissociation Questionnaire (SDQ) and Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) were administered to participants. Results: Emotional abuse, physical neglect, physical abuse, CTQ total, SDQ and DES scores were found to be significantly higher in the fibromyalgia group than the control group. Only the difference for SDQ scores remained significant when a comparison made between groups by controlling depression levels. Somatoform dissociation scores were found to be a significant predictor of pain intensity in patients with fibromyalgia. Conclusion: Somatoform dissociative symptoms are found to be higher in patients with fibromyalgia than the control group. These symptoms may contribute to development and exacerbation of pain in fibromyalgia. Taking the dissociative symptoms into account have an important role in the treatment of patients with fibromyalgia who have a frequent history of CT, so the treatment of these patients should be carried out in cooperation with psychiatrists. Keywords: Childhood trauma, dissociation, fibromyalgia, somatoform dissociation ÖZET Kadın fibromiyalji hastalarında çocukluk çağı travmaları, disosiyatif yaşantılar ve depresyonun ağrı ile ilişkisi: Kesitsel bir çalışma Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı fibromiyalji (FM) hastalarında çocukluk çağı travmaları ile disosiyatif belirtileri araştırmak ve bu özelliklerin FM'deki ağrı şiddeti ile ilişkisini incelemektir. Yöntem: Fizik tedavi ve rehabilitasyon polikliniğinde fibromyalji tanısıyla takip edilmekte olan 40 hasta ile kontrol grubu olarak yaş, cinsiyet ve öğrenim durumu açısından benzer olan 38 sağlıklı kişi çalışmaya dahil edildi. Katılımcılara sosyodemografik ve klinik veri toplama formu, Beck Depresyon Ölçeği (BDÖ), Çocukluk Çağı Travmaları Ölçeği (ÇÇTÖ), Disosiyatif Yaşantılar Ölçeği (DYÖ), Somatoform Disosiyasyon Ölçeği (SDÖ) ve Görsel Analog Skala (GAS) uygulandı. Bulgular: FM grubunda duygusal istismar, fiziksel ihmal, fiziksel istismar, ÇÇTÖ toplam, SDÖ ve DYÖ puan ortalamaları kontrol grubuna göre anlamlı derecede yüksek bulundu. Gruplar arasında depresyon düzeyleri kontrol edilerek karşılaştırma yapıldığında ise sadece SDÖ puan farklılığının anlamlı olarak devam ettiği görüldü. Somatoform disosiyasyon puanlarının FM hastalarında ağrı şiddetinin anlamlı belirleyicisi olduğu saptan...