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Microgrids have the capability to enhance the resiliency of power systems by supplying local loads during emergency situations. However, the disturbance incident and clearance times cannot be predicted precisely. Therefore, this study is focused on enhancing the resiliency of hybrid microgrids considering feasible islanding and survivability of critical loads. The optimisation problem is decomposed into normal and emergency operation problems. In normal operation, unit commitment status of dispatchable generators and schedules of batteries are revised to ensure a feasible islanding following a disturbance event. In emergency operation, the decision between charging of batteries for future dispatch and feeding of lesser critical loads is considered. In addition, a strategy for minimisation of load curtailment during switching of scheduling windows is also considered. These two considerations can mitigate the curtailment of critical loads during the emergency period. Finally, a resiliency index is formulated to evaluate the performance of the proposed strategy during emergency operation. Numerical simulations have demonstrated the effectiveness of the proposed strategy for enhancing the resiliency of hybrid microgrids.

Scheduling of multi-microgrids (MMGs) is one of the important tasks in MMG operation and it faces new challenges as the integration of demand response (DR) programs and renewable generation (wind and solar) sources increases. In order to address these challenges, robust optimization (RO)-based scheduling has been proposed in this paper considering uncertainties in both renewable energy sources and forecasted electric loads. Initially, a cost minimization deterministic model has been formulated for the MMG system. Then, it has been transformed to a min-max robust counterpart and finally, a traceable robust counterpart has been formulated using linear duality theory and Karush-Kuhn-Tucker (KKT) optimality conditions. The developed model provides immunity against the worst-case realization within the provided uncertainty bounds. Budget of uncertainty has been used to develop a trade-off between the conservatism of solution and probability of unfeasible solution. The effect of uncertainty gaps on internal and external trading, operation cost, unit commitment of dispatchable generators, and state of charge (SOC) of battery energy storage systems (BESSs) have also been analyzed in both grid-connected and islanded modes. Simulations results have proved the robustness of proposed strategy.

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-This paper presents a multiagent system for microgrid operation in the grid-interconnected mode. An energy market environment with generation competition is adopted for microgrid operation in order to guarantee autonomous participation and meet the requirements of participants in the microgrid. The modified Contract Net Protocol (CNP) is used as a protocol for interactions among agents. The multiagent system for microgrid operation based on the modified CNP and the energy market environment is designed and implemented. To verify the feasibility of the suggested multiagent system, experiments on three operation conditions are carried out.

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