The paper deals with an inverse problem determining the shape of a timevarying Lipschitz domain by boundary measurements of the temperature; such a domain is treated as a non-cylindrical domain in the time-space. Here we focus on the uniqueness of the shape identification. As a general treatment to show the uniqueness, a comparability condition on a pair of domains is introduced; the condition holds automatically in the time-independent case. Based on the condition, we provide several classes of domains in which the uniqueness of the shape identification holds under an appropriate initial shape condition or initial temperature condition. Each of such classes is characterized by a certain geometric condition on its each single element; in particular, it is verified that the class of polyhedral domains and any class of domains with C 1 smoothness and with a common initial shape fulfil the uniqueness property. The inverse problem is studied via a parabolic equation with a mixed boundary condition. Then the unique continuation property of weak solutions and the uniqueness of weak solutions to an induced parabolic equation with the homogeneous Dirichlet boundary condition on a non-cylindrical non-Lipschitz domain play key roles.
Serum levels of sialyl-Tn antigen (STN) were measured using a one-step radioimmunoassay kit in 257 patients with digestive cancers, 121 patients with benign digestive diseases, and in 64 healthy controls. With 45 U/ml regarded as the cutoff value, the positive rates of serum STN in digestive cancers were as follows: pancreas 40.0%, stomach 28.1, colon and rectum 27.8, biliary tract 25.0, liver 7.1, and esophagus 0%. In benign digestive diseases, the positive rate of STN was low (4.1%). In gastric and colorectal cancers, simultaneous measurements of STN and carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) revealed that the positive rates of STN, CEA, and STN and/or CEA were 28, 42, and 55%, respectively. There was no significant correlation between STN and CEA in these cancers. STN may be a useful serum marker for digestive cancers, especially gastric and colorectal cancers.
A 65-year-old man was hospitalized due to an abdominal tumor. Several imaging studies showed multilocular tumors in the right hepatic lobe and in the pancreatic head, 4 and 7 cm in size, respectively. The hepatic tumor rapidly grew to 9cm in 4 weeks, associated with a rapid increase in the serum carcinoembryonic antigen level from 125ng/ml to 1,000ng/ml. The pathologic diagnosis of the resected liver tumor was mucinous cholangiocarcinoma. This hepatic tumor produced a large amount of mucin, but did not secrete mucin into the bile ducts. Therefore, there was no obstructive jaundice. The incidentally accompanied pancreatic tumor was a typical serous cystadenoma. The present case suggested that mucinous cholangiocarcinoma could present rapid growth of the tumor. The clinicopathological features of mucinous cholangiocarcinoma are demonstrated for the first time, and the differences between mucinous cholangiocarcinoma and mucin-producing papillary adenocarcinoma of duct-spreading type are discussed. (Internal Medicine 32: 116-121, 1993)
To clarify the changes of esophageal motility along with age, we performed esophageal manometry on 47 healthy volunteers, and compared the values of four groups under 49 years old (n=11), 50 to 59 (n=15), 60 to 69 (n=11), and over 70 years old (n=10). Resting lower esophageal sphincter (LES) pressure in the group over 70 years old showed the tendency of decrease, but not statistically significant. Nadir LES pressure on swallow-induced relaxa tion was not statistically different among 4 groups. On esophageal body testing, percentage of non-conduction sequence in the group 60 to 69 and over 70 years old was statistically higher compared with that of the group under 49 years old (p<0.05) but spared in some elderly subjects. Percentage of simultaneous contractions was not statistically different among 4 groups. Peristaltic contraction amplitude in the group over 70 years old was significantly lower than that of the group under 49 years old both at the level of 5 cm above (p<0.01) and 10 cm above LES (p<0.05). We speculate that the influence of aging on esophageal motility is the reduced transmission sequence of peristalsis and contractility of esophageal body. This alteration along with age may differ from the pathological condi tion of scleroderma or diffuse esophageal spasm.
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