In this paper, we introduce a novel three-dimension chaotic system with strange characteristic by applying construction of a 3D chaotic circuit method. Multiple equilibria and abundant coexisting attractors exist in this system. A mathematical model is developed and detailed stability analyses for equilibrium points are executed with obtaining significant results of the period-doubling bifurcation patterns confirmed by phase plane plots and Lyapunov exponent spectra. By varying the initial value and unique controlled parameter, the double-scroll chaotic attractor is broken up into a pair of symmetric singular attractors. Then, the local basins of attraction are investigated concerning the initial condition. Next, the circuit synthesis results generated by Multisim simulation tool validate the self-excitation characteristics of this system. Finally, the feedback control technique is used to study difference synchronization of this system. Main conclusions prove the validity and reliability of difference synchronization.
Modulated by the frequency shift of Brillouin scattered light, the Brillouin time-domain reflectometer (OTDR) provides a distributed absolute measurement of strain and temperature over an optical fiber. According to the features of structure strain and constant temperature in the tunnel, the four strain-sensitized fibers are mounted along the three axis directions and ten transects on the second lining of Bai Ni-jin No 3 Tunnel, and the temperature-compensated fibers are placed to independently measure the temperature at intervals of ∼20 m. The long-term measurement indicated that the thermal strain and the pressure of the wall rock are closely related to the local climate conditions; in particular, the pressure of wall rock induces abnormal strain of the tunnel structure near the side slope. It is noteworthy that the abnormal structure strain occurred until the end of the rainy season.
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