Although great efforts have been made in modeling the drag force in gas‐liquid two‐phase flow, the research about that in both theory and method is at the stage of development due to its diversity and complexity, and previous summary work about drag is usually based on a certain aspect. In this review, a unified framework that guides the drag coefficient model in gas‐liquid two‐phase flow is provided. From simple to complex, this paper introduces the drag coefficient of solid particles, single bubbles, bubble swarms, and bubbles in turbulence moving in liquid in turn. The variables affecting the drag coefficient in each of the above situations and the relationship between the drag coefficient and these variables are mentioned.
The corrosion of the fluid to the pipes could damage the pipe structure, and then affect the safe operation of the whole pipeline system in the nuclear power plant. In order to assess the influence of the corrosion flaws on pipe integrity, it is necessary to perform the stress analysis and calculate the remaining strength of the pipes containing flaws. In this paper, the corrosion flaws in the seawater cooling pipes are considered as the volumetric type flaws. The remaining strength of the pipes containing the flaws has been calculated, the minimum required wall thickness of the pipes has been obtained, and the flaws have been assessed according to SY/T 6477 Standard. The finite element method has been used to analyze the pipes containing corrosion flaws. Stress distribution of the pipes has been obtained under the pressure and nozzle loading. Based on the RCC-M Standard, the strength assessment has been conducted. Results showed that the stress calculated from SY/T 6477 Standard is close to that from the finite element method, and it can be considered that the assessment method summarized from SY/T 6477 Standard is suitable for the current pipes containing flaws under the nozzle loadings. Therefore, this method can be used to assess the corrosion flaws of the seawater cooling pipes rapidly, and provide advices for the monitoring and repair of the pipes containing flaws in nuclear power plants.
In view of the dynamic simulation requirements of the construction process, using plug-in, GLSL rendering, key frame animation and collision detection technology, design and development of SiPESC animation editing and rendering engine module, in order to solve the dynamic simulation problems of the construction process, to verify the feasibility of the construction scheme. This paper discusses the design idea, software framework and key technologies of construction process dynamic simulation system. The practical application examples of the software show its practicability in engineering field.
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