We develop the effective experimental approach to generate multi-twisted beams (MTBs) with twisted intensity lobes by superimposing helical phases consisting of multiple independent sub-phases with different azimuthal shift factors. The MTBs' energy flows and propagation properties are also investigated, indicating that such beams exhibit twisted properties. The azimuthal shift factor determines the twisted intensity distributions, and the number of twisted lobes depends on the sub-phase number. The bright lobes of a MTB possess the shapes of thin spiral lines, and the intensity pattern depends on the topological charge. Diverse MTBs can be generated by flexibly manipulating the azimuthal shift factors and the sub-phase number. Also, various mirror-symmetrical twisted beams are constructed using the matrix flip scheme, further enriching the light structures of MTBs. Numerical simulation and experimental results are consistent. Furthermore, the capture and guide of microspheres via the MTBs are experimentally executed and demonstrate the feasibility and practicability of our generated MTBs. The various MTBs will likely give rise to potential applications in fabricating chiral nanostructures and manipulating microparticles.
The cover illustrates a structured optical field, dubbed a flower‐shaped optical vortex array by Xinzhong Li and co‐workers in article number 2000575. The inner layer uses a clock to represent the phase change, the hour hand represents the phase of the even IG beam, and the minute hand represents the phase of the odd IG beam. The outer layer is a specific example of an optical field, which keeps the phase of the odd IG beam unchanged, and changes the phase of the even IG beam, As the phase difference between the even mode IG beam and the odd mode IG beam increases, the optical field rotates gradually.
Herein, the generation of an optical vortex array dubbed the flower‐shaped optical vortex array (FOVA) is proposed and experimentally demonstrated using a single optical path interference method. FOVA is generated by the superposition of even and odd Ince–Gaussian (IG) beams, which have the same degree m and different order p. The number of optical vortices (OVs) in the FOVA is determined based on the values of order p and degree m of the even and odd IG beams. Furthermore, the positive sign of the OVs in the array can be transformed to negative by adding a specific initial phase difference. The OVs vanish and then recover as the initial phase difference increases from 0 to 2π. Moreover, the gradient force and energy flow distribution of the FOVA are studied. The OVA with flower‐shaped structure generated herein has potential significance in applications, such as microparticle manipulation and optical measurements.
We report on a multi-dimensionally modulated optical vortex array (MMOVA). First, we propose a modified transform technique of the lattice coordinates, which possesses more modulated parameters. Then, the MMOVA is experimentally generated and the optical vortex is verified and determined by interference method. Besides whole structure transformation of
MMOVA, the modulation of local part and even the individual optical vortex are executed, which exhibit distinct capacity of MMOVA than that of the existed optical vortex array. The proposed MMOVA provides a novel scheme to generate optical vortex array with higher modulated dimensions, which will open up potential applications of multiple micro-particles manipulation.
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