During extractions industries, particularly oil companies in Iraq such Ahdab oil field that consuming a huge amount of water which led to producing oil-contaminated water thus it made dangerous on natural life (agricultural lands and rivers) and infrastructural through cause complex corrosion for pipelines and equipment’s. Coagulation and flocculation processes are efficient to separate oil content and the suspended solids portion from the waste water. During the study have been used additives of the ferrous sulphate, aluminum sulphate and calcium sulphate in the range (10-40) ppm, for the processes of coagulant, and polyelectrolyte-(polyacrylamide) additional to the flocculent has used. Additives materials within the coagulant and flocculant treatments have been led to obtaining of the optimal eliminations amount total suspended solids, oil contents and others. It has been noted that the percentage of oil removing about 86.67%, 85.5% and 79.6 via using 30 ppm coagulant dose of ferric sulphate, aluminum sulphate and calcium sulphate with 2.5 mg/L of polyacrylamide at pH = 6.86 and room temperature (25 °C). Generally, ferrous sulphate has highly ability to adsorbing the oil particulates and suspended solids of the refinery wastewater, as well the reducing economic cost of water treatments.
Full-potential linearized augmented-plane wave method and Boltzmann transport theory are used to study the electrical, thermoelectric and optoelectronic response of the Cu2WSe4 compound. The calculations are performed with the Perdew–Burke–Ernzerhof generalized gradient approximation (PBE-GGA) and modified Becke–Johnson (mBJ) potential. Structural optimization and formation energy calculations justify the stability of the studied compound. An indirect bandgap (N- Γ) of 1.36eV with GGA and 1.52eV with mBJ is achieved. The density of states also exposes the bandgap and confirms the semiconducting nature of Cu2WSe4. The optical properties such as dielectric function, refractive index, absorption coefficient and energy loss are also calculated. The thermoelectric response is calculated through the figure of merit (ZT), Seebeck coefficient, electrical and thermal conductivity and power factor. At high temperatures, a moderate ZT value of 0.65 is achieved with mBJ potential, which shows the possibility to use Cu2WSe4 in the renewable energy device.
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