In recent publications, it has been observed that shale gas wells behave like a linear dual porosity system. In this paper, a linear dual porosity model is utilized assuming matrix rock as the main primary porosity that feeds a hydraulic fracture, which acts as a secondary porosity system and primary flow conduit. The paper demonstrates the practical application of the type curve analysis method for shale gas and shale oil published by Abdulal, Samandarli and Wattenbarger (2011). The technique utilizes the actual well performance to obtain a type curve match that allows determination of the parameters required to quickly determine the completion/fracture effectiveness and allow projection of the long-term well production performance. In this paper, the ideal application of the type curve method with calculation procedures is presented with two actual field examples. Field Case 1 demonstrates the type curve matching followed by the procedure used to calculate dual porosity parameters like effective fracture permeability, drainage volume and the area of the interfaces between the hydraulic fractures and the rock matrix. These parameters can be used to evaluate the well completion with its associated hydraulic fracture effectiveness. Field Case 2 is included to illustrate the method limitations and potential pitfalls when applying this type curve approach.
With the advent of I-filed (Intelligent Field) data and the increasing volume of various data sources, reservoir simulation engineers aim and work on capitalizing on all of those data in addition to the regular monthly averages. Due to the time scale variation and data frequency, a tool is needed to assist engineers to maximize the value from the data sets and at the same time ensure accuracy and representativeness of the simulation input. This paper discusses a workflow that utilizes Business Intelligence capabilities to compare both data sets, the I-field and monthly averages, and visually identify the anomalies. Several issues can be recognized in and between the data sets that are of different sources and timescales, which will create a struggle for simulation engineers to synchronize both data sets and select the reliable data source to be incorporated into the simulation model, especially when they are working on I-fields where they will be represented with two sets of data. The developed workflow capitalizes on Business Intelligence functionalities that will use an equation to compare the data sets against each other and represent the results in charts to graphically identify the discrepancies. Since the average monthly measurements are stored in monthly format and daily measurements, I-field real-time data, are stored in daily format, the workflow will transform the daily measurements format to match the monthly measurements before the comparison. The workflow will assist simulation engineers to QC (Quality Check) the large sets of data automatically and graphically by locating the areas to focus on in the data, which will reduce human errors, the time needed to examine the data sets and the time needed to alter the format of the daily measurements. Simulation engineers need to QC the data sets before they are integrated into the simulation model to enhance the quality of the model, produce accurate results and reduce the time for simulation engineers to manage the data quality. There are many methods to manage data quality; however, Business Intelligence offers a wide range of data acquisition and mining techniques for QCing. This paper will present how these techniques are used to enhance and streamline the process of data QC for the monthly and daily measurements.
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