Dental pulp stem cells and growth factors incorporated in chitosan hydrogel are able to regenerate pulp- dentine like tissue and help in complete root maturation of non-vital immature permanent teeth with apical periodontitis in dogs.
Immature permanent teeth with necrotic pulp and peri-apical tissues constitute a challenging endodontic problem due to difficult root canal debridement and obturation as well as high risk of tooth fracture. The conventional treatment of such cases is apexification by calcium hydroxide, which results in acceptable endodontic outcomes. Apexification has several disadvantages such as multiple visits and alteration of the mechanical properties of dentin. 1
Background: This study evaluated the adaptability, solubility and biocompatibility of TheraCal LC compared with mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA-Angelus) and Biodentine when used as a furcation perforation repair material. Methods: The adaptability was assessed by scanning electronic microscope (SEM) and presence of any gap between the dentin surface and ling material in each quadrant of the sample was analyzed at 1000 X magni cation. The solubility was measured after one week by the ISO standard method. Biocompatibility was assessed by the in ammatory response and radiography after one and three months of repair of experimental furcation perforations in dog's teeth. Results: There were signi cant differences in the adaptability, solubility and biocompatibility of the tested materials (P <0.05). TheraCal LC showed the highest frequency distribution of gap presence that was followed by MTA-Angelus then Biodentine. The least soluble material after one week was TheraCal LC that was followed by MTA-Angelus and Biodentine. After one and three months, TheraCal LC showed the highest in ammatory response and highest frequency distribution of radiolucency that was followed by Biodentine then MTA-Angelus. Conclusion: Unlike Biodentine, the TheraCal LC is incapable of alternating MTA in the furcation perforation repair due to its poor biocompatibility and poor marginal adaptation.
Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of Chitosan as root canal irrigant with Endovac irrigation system in removing smear layer of curved root canal walls using Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM). Materials and Methods: Fifty extracted human first mandibular molars were selected with curved mesiobuccal root (20º-35º). Samples were instrumented with Universal ProTaper rotary files till size F4 then divided into 2 main experimental groups according to the final rinse used; Group I: irrigated with 17 % EDTA Group II: irrigated with 0.2% chitosan acetate and control group, irrigated with sterile saline (10 samples). Each group was further subdivided into 2 subgroups according to the irrigating technique used; Subgroup A: using conventional needle irrigation and Subgroup B: using Endovac irrigation system. Samples were grooved longitudinally and smear layer was evaluated using SEM at the coronal, middle and apical root canal levels. The significance level was set at P≤ 0.05. Results: There was a statistically significant difference among the tested groups and the control group in the mean scores of smear layer at all root canal levels and no significant difference between irrigants used. Concerning the irrigating devices, there was no statistical significant difference between conventional irrigation and Endovac system at the coronal and apical root canal levels while at the middle level, 0.2% chitosan showed statistical significant difference with Endovac system subgroup than conventional irrigation (P ≤ 0.05). Conclusion Endovac irrigation system was effective in smear layer removal from curved root canals using either 0.2% Chitosan acetate or 17 % EDTA as final rinse.
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