Carpal Tunnel Syndrome (CTS) is an ailment in which median nerve is trapped in carpal tunnel and as a result a person feels tingling, numbness, and weakness in the wrist joint. It is most caused when excessive pressure is applied on the wrist joint. Most of the professionals go through this condition because of the nature of their work. Hairdresser, dentists, and labourers are commonly affected by this condition. Objective: This study determines the prevalence of CTS among butchers in Pakistan. Methods: Butchers from different cities of Pakistan were selected to check out the prevalence of CTS. 400 butchers from different cities of Pakistan were selected. Observational study design was carried out and convenient sampling was used to collect the data. The butchers having the age of 20 to 40 years were included with having an experience of 3 years or more. All the butchers should use the manual instruments during the processing of meat. They were told about the purpose of our research and a consent form, personally designed CTS diagnosis questionnaire, Visual Analog Scale (VAS) and Boston Carpal Tunnel Syndrome Questionnaire (BCTSQ) were filled by them. Functional limitations and symptoms severity of butchers with CTS were also assessed. Results: The prevalence of CTS among butchers in Pakistan was 10.3%. The butchers having age between 26-30 years had 46% cases of CTS among them. 21-25 years old butchers had 17% of affected butchers among them. According to experience, butchers having 3-5 years’ experience was the most affected among them. 34% butchers of 3-5 years’ experience were involved. There was moderate level of functional limitation in CTS affected butchers according to BCTSQ. Next thing was the symptom severity with moderate level of symptoms severity was present in butchers suffering from CTS. Conclusion: The prevalence of CTS among butchers in Pakistan was 10.3%. All the butchers suffering from CTS had moderate level of intensity of pain. There was a moderate level of functional limitation and symptoms severity related to CTS affected butchers.
Background: To estimate gender difference in prevalence of UE MSDs among dental students. Cumulative trauma disorders (CTD), repetitive strain injuries (RSIs), and overuse syndrome are all terms used to describe MSDs. Overuse movement patterns involving repetitive and intense movements at the joint, as well as other risk factors, enhance the likelihood of musculoskeletal diseases in dentistry students. Aim: To provide the importance of the proper ergonomics and proper posture to dental students. So that to avoid upper extremity musculoskeletal disorders among them Methods: Data was collected from dentistry students studying at the University of Lahore in a descriptive cross-sectional survey. The data was collected using a standard Nordic Questionnaire. The SNQ is divided into two sections, one of which includes descriptive statistics and the other of which has a series of questions with yes/no questions that indicate the areas of the body impacted by MSDs and the locations of feelings experienced from the positional uncomfortable graphic. Results: According to the results, the dentistry student’s encountered U.E joints problems more during their daily life predominantly in shoulder and wrist joints and the pain evaluation prove the results. Conclusion: Dentistry students have a higher prevalence of UE MSDs with shoulder and wrist most affected according to the findings. Keywords: Musculoskeletal disorders, Standardized Nordic questionnaire, Dental students.
Aim: To compare open kinetic chain exercises with closed kinetic chain exercises on strength of quadriceps and knee functional activity level after reconstruction of ACL. Methods: The study design is randomized controlled trial. Data of 36 patients was collected with subjective consent: 36 patients were distributed in 3 groups and each group had 12 patients with age limit from 17-39 years, treatment was given for 6 weeks including 3 days a week with conventional RICE therapy, conventional treatment with open kinetic chain exercises and conventional treatment with closed kinetic chain exercises. Results: SPSS 21 is used to generate results. Significant p value for post treatment ONE WAY ANOVA showed for knee injury and osteoarthritis outcome score is less than 0.05 which means the treatment technique is effective in reducing pain and disability in patients after ACL reconstruction. Significant difference was showed by ONE WAY ANOVA post treatment values for strength of all the muscles of quadriceps and knee functional activity in GROUP A, GROUP B and GROUP C. Vastus Medialis muscle showed p value 0.000, vastus lateralis muscle showed p value 0.000, vastus intermedius and rectus femoris both muscles showed p value 0.000 which are less than 0.05 showing significant difference between three groups. Conclusion: Closed kinetic chain exercises are conclusively better in improving quadriceps strength and Functional status of patients suffering from Anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction than open kinetic chain exercises. Keywords: Open Kinetic chain Exercises, Closed Kinetic chain Exercises, Anterior Cruciate Ligament.
Mechanical cervical pain starts at the back of the head and moves down the neck to the lower cervical spine and shoulders. Vertebral arrangements are interrupted with this condition, and the joints of the cervical spine and ribs perform abnormal biomechanical movements, resulting in diminished mobility and pain. Objective: To compare the effectiveness of Muscle Energy Techniques (METs, Post-isometric relaxation) with Mulligan Mobilization (Natural Apophyseal Glides, NAGs) in subjects with Mechanical Neck Pain Methods: It was a Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial. Sixty patients are allocated in 2 groups: A and B with 30 patients in each group with age limit from 25-50 years treated for 4 weeks on alternate days with METs and Mulligan mobilization with baseline exercise plan respectively. Intervention plan was divided into 2 phases. Outcome measures used in this study are Numeric Pain Rating Scale (NPRS), Neck Disability Index (NDI) and Goniometer for Neck range of motions. Results: Patients in group B showed marked improvement as compared to group A. p-value less than 0.05 is considered significant. Mean age of patients for Group A was 39.91±8.14 and in Group B was 42.39±8.01 respectively. Conclusion: It is concluded from the study that Mulligan Mobilization was more effective as compared to METs in progressing NPRS and NDI scales.
Background: Burn is an injury which affects approximately all systems of body and is very common among accidental injuries which causes burden on hospitals. A lot of treatment interventions are introduced until now for the management of burn to lessen complications and increase quality of life in survivors. Methodology: Forty-eight patients who complete selection criteria were included in this study. Written informed consent was obtained from every participant in this study before starting any physical examination. Participants was allocated into two groups randomly. On 1stday range of motion at involved joints was assessed using goniometry. Group A is treated with stretching techniques, while group B is treated with Range of Motion exercises. Conventional treatment for both groups’ participants includes isometrics exercise and anti-contracture positioning. Treatment frequency was 3 times a week. Results: Comparison of all upper extremityjoint movements at baseline and 4th week has shown that there was a significant difference between post treatment range of motion with p value of less than 0.05 showing that group A is more effective in improving shoulder flexion after burn injury.Comparison of mean of all measured range of motions in group A and B was 57.08 degree ±28.29 and 59.25 degree±33.52 in pre-treatment and 96.66 degree ±36.35 and 81.49 degree ±33.10 post-treatment. Conclusion: Stretching techniques are more effective in the prevention of post burn contractures than Range of Motion exercises, as more improvement was noted in range of motion at joints of upper limb in patients after stretching. Keywords: ROM (Range of motion), RCT (randomized controlled trail)
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