The purpose of this study is to explore the influence of CEO Reputation on the Company Financial Distress. The population of the study is all non-financial companies that are listed on the Pakistan stock exchange (PSX). In this research, the final sample size is 285 companies that cover the period of the study from 2006 to 2017. CEO reputation plays important role in predicting financial distress. Based on the upper echelon theory, CEOs can influence in a company decisions making, value creation and financial reporting decisions based on their specific skills, reputation and personal characteristics. Previous studies in the context of Pakistan are lacking to check the association between CEO reputation and company financial distress. This study contributes to the literature and fills this gap. This study also suggest that to explore the link between CEO reputation and financial distress in the emerging market.
This study aims to analyze the responses and views of Pakistani consumers to different sales-promotion techniques used by companies. The methodological contribution of the current study used the second-generation technique (Smart PLS) as compared to OLS. In addition, the instrument used in this study is a fully structured questionnaire adapted, a total of 200 questionnaires is filled from the respondents. The findings of the current study show that different sales promotions tools have different effects on consumer buying behaviour. We observed significant evidence of an association between buy one get one free, coupon discount, price discount, and Pakistani consumer buying behaviour. We further revealed an insufficient association between free samples and buying behaviour. This study will be helpful for the marketing managers in understanding what attracts consumers most? It can be an efficient source of relevant information for marketing managers about the responses of consumers towards sales promotions.
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